摘要
为了揭示接触网腕臂复合绝缘子在不同染污状态下电场特性的演变过程,建立了绝缘子真实三维模型,基于电准静态场和有限元法仿真分析了清洁、干污、水珠及湿污等状态下绝缘子电场分布特性,并针对薄污层不利于有限元建模剖分的问题,提出了采用电屏蔽边界条件模拟导电污层的电流效应.仿真结果表明:伞形结构对清洁绝缘子电场分布几乎无影响,圆周方向电场具有对称性.干污、水珠及湿污等不同染污状态下,电位分布从不规则曲线变为近似直线,电场从纯电容特性逐渐过渡到纯电阻特性,最大场强呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,场强分布不均性随着憎水性的减弱越加明显,场强集中位置从高、低压端转移到伞裙护套上.
In order to reveal the evolution process of the electric field characteristics of cantilever composite insulator of the catenary under different contamination conditions,the actual three-dimensional model of the insulator was established.Based on the quasi-static field and FEM,the electric field distribution characteristics of the insulator under clean,dry,water droplets and wet contamination conditions were analyzed respectively by simulation.In view of the problem that thin contaminated layer is not conducive to finite element modeling,the electric shielding boundary condition is proposed to simulate the current effect of conductive contamination layer.The results show that the structure of shed has very little effect on the electric field distribution of clean insulators,and the circumferential electric field has symmetry.Under different contamination conditions,such as dry contamination,water droplets and wet contamination,the potential distribution changes from the irregular curve to an approximate straight line,the electric field transits from pure capacitance to pure resistance.The maximum electric field intensity increases first and then decreases.With the decrease of hydrophobicity,the uneven distribution of electric field intensity becomes more obvious.The concentration of electric field intensity shifts from high and low voltage end to umbrella shed sheath.
引文
[1] 姚晓通,张友鹏,高宇,等.基于视觉的接触网绝缘子污秽检测技术初探[J].兰州交通大学学报,2018,37(1):65-72.
[2] 令尹均,张友鹏,赵珊鹏.基于图形化编程的接触网污秽绝缘子的性能检测系统设计[J].兰州交通大学学报,2016,35(3):104-111.
[3] 杜思思,张雪峰,杨军.复合绝缘子不同憎水性下的电场分布研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2014(5):11-16.
[4] 于昕哲,张乔根,杨晓磊,等.表面憎水性不均匀分布时复合绝缘子污闪特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):3892-3899.
[5] 高嵩,张佰庆,崔艳东,等.长棒形瓷绝缘子交流污闪特性与污闪电压提高措施[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):1891-1897.
[6] KRZMA A S,KHAMAIRA M Y.Computation of the electric field and voltage distributions over the polluted surface of silicone-rubber insulators[J].Elixir Electrical Engineering,2018(116):50009-50012.
[7] SATHEESH G,BASAVARJA B,NIRGUDE P M.Electric field along surface of silicone rubber insulator under various contamination conditions using FEM[J].International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research,2012,3(5):1-10.
[8] AOUABED F,BAYADI A,RAHMANI A E,et al.Finite element modelling of electric field and voltage distribution on a silicone insulating surface covered with water droplets[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics & Electrical Insulation,2018,25(2):413-420.
[9] 王仲奕,王琪,陈青.湿润复合绝缘子表面的电场分析[J].高压电器,2010,46(3):53-58.
[10] 张海兵,田甜,文旭.污湿环境下复合绝缘子电场分布的研究[J].广东工业大学学报,2012,29(2):58-62.
[11] 罗蜀彩,彭刚,李军,等.车顶绝缘子湿润条件下表面电场分布研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):36-41.
[12] 中华人民共和国铁道部.电气化铁路接触网用绝缘子第2部分:棒形复合绝缘子:TB/T 3199.2-2008[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008:2-26.
[13] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.污秽条件下使用的高压绝缘子的选择和尺寸确定第1部分:定义、信息和一般原则:GB/T 26218.1-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[14] NDOUMBE J,BEROUAL A,IMANO A M.Simulation and analysis of coalescence of water droplets on composite insulating surface under DC electric field[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics & Electrical Insulation,2016,22(5):2669-2675.
[15] 吴广宁,邵梦春,彭松,等.车顶绝缘子表面水珠及降落水滴电场分布及其对闪络特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):557-566.
[16] 徐志钮,律方成,李和明,等.绝缘子电场有限元分析法的影响因素及其优化[J].高电压技术,2011,37(4):944-951.
[17] 汪沨,廖平军,黄俊,等.含污秽薄层的高压复合绝缘子表面电场计算新方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(10):77-84.
[18] 杨中平.高速铁路技术概论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015:96.
[19] 王仲奕,王琪,陈青.染污复合绝缘子交流电场特性研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(4):25-30.
