摘要
基于自制的HY-100销-盘式磁场摩擦磨损试验机,对比研究了有无外加磁场条件下,低碳钢、中碳钢和高碳钢的滑动干摩擦行为和其磨损特性,并使用扫描电子显微镜、金相显微镜等分析了摩擦微观表面与次表面,探讨了碳含量对碳素钢磁场摩擦的影响规律和作用机理.试验结果显示:根据碳含量的不同,有无磁场条件下碳素钢摩擦系数的变化也不同,在外加磁场条件下,低碳钢摩擦系数降低,中碳、高碳钢摩擦系数升高;随着碳含量升高,磁场对其摩擦系数的影响越小.外加磁场可以有效改善碳素钢的磨损性能,随着碳含量升高,磁场对其磨损率的改善程度越大.分析其原因可能为铁碳竞争氧化,这既保证了铁氧化物的减磨效应,也减缓了铁氧化物积累后的剥落.EDS能谱分析结果表明高碳钢的氧铁比最低,和铁碳氧化竞争模型推论相一致.
To study the sliding dry friction behavior and wear properties of low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel based on a self-made HY-100 pin-disc friction and wear tester with and without magnetic field. The frictional surface and sub-surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and metallographic microscope, and the influence of carbon content on mechanism under magnetic field condition was explored. The results show that the friction coefficient of carbon steels with different carbon content varied with and without magnetic field. The friction coefficient of low carbon steels decreased and the medium and high carbon steels increased under the external magnetic field. The influence of magnetic field on the friction coefficient became not obvious with the increase of carbon content,and the tribo-oxidation decreased. This suggested the influence of magnetic control dry friction and wear characteristics of carbon steel was weakened. The external magnetic field effectively improved the wear performance of carbon steels.With the increase of carbon content, the effect of magnetic field on the wear rate was greate, which was due to the competitive oxidation of carbon and iron. The competitive oxidation of carbon and iron not only enabled the wear reduction effect of iron oxides but also slowed down the spalling of accumulated iron oxides. The EDS results indicated that high carbon steel had the lowest oxygen to iron ratio, which was in good agreement with the iron and carbon competitive oxidation model.
引文
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