摘要
盾构机前舱设备可视化检测系统将钻孔电视防水耐压的结构特点与近景摄影测量技术相结合,在盾构机气泡舱前壁上预留3个安装球阀的圆孔,并在圆孔位置焊接球铰且分别安装摄像装置、冲洗装置和照明装置。检测时将摄像装置安装在密封性良好的推进装置顶端,利用推进装置将可视化设备经球铰孔道在保证密封性的情况下推进至挖掘舱内,利用冲洗装置对刀具附着物清洗,然后采集盾构刀具的影像数据,实现前舱设备的可视化。通过刀盘和球铰的转动,可视化系统可以拍摄到正面和外圈80%的滚刀。检测系统通过图像可以直观观察滚刀、刮刀等刀具的工作状况,同时透过辐条间隙可以观察掌子面的情况。最终将所得刀具图像与原始三维模型进行对比,可实现对盾构刀具磨损情况的精确量测,为换刀时机的选择提供科学的依据。该套盾构机前舱可视化设备有效地应用于"天和号"泥水气压平衡复合式盾构机,依托南京纬三路过江隧道盾构施工,多次对前舱设备进行成像,图像清晰,效果良好。并利用图像处理软件进行了滚刀磨损定量分析。通过开舱检验结果准确,为工程节省了大量成本,验证了其适用性。盾构机前舱设备检测可视化系统可以安装于多种盾构机上,容易得到推广,为盾构机刀具的无损检测提供了新的思路。
A set of visualized detecting system for the forecabin of the shield machine combines waterproof and pressureproof structure of borehole television with close-range photogrammetry. Three holes are drilled in the front wall of bubble chamber. The imaging,lighting and cleaning instruments are installed on the holes by spherical hinges. The imaging instrument is located on the top of propulsion which has good tightness. The visualized detector is pushed into the excavation chamber through the spherical hinge hole by the propulsion under the condition of ensuring tightness. Cleaning instruments are used to wash the attachment on the cutter.Then the image data of the shield cutter are collected to realize the visualization of the forecabin equipment.The detector can observe the 80% cutters on front and outer ring by rotating the cutter head or spherical hinge. The detection system can visually observe the working conditions of hob,scraper and other cutters through the image. The working condition of the tunnel face also can be observed through the spoke gap. The image of cutter is applied to compare with the original 3D model,which can accurately measure the wear ofcutter for decideing whether the cutter needs to be replaced. The visualized detector is effectively applied in"Tianhe"Slurry Balance Shield in Nanjing Weisan road river crossing tunnel. The visualization of the forecabin equipment has been conducted many times,which verify that the image is clear and the effect of system is good. The quantitative analysis of the wear of cutter is conducted by image processing software. The applicability is verified by inspection of opening cabin,which saved a lot of cost for the project. The visualized detector can be installed in many kinds of shield machine,which make it easy to be popularized and provide a new idea for the non-destructive detecting of the shield machine cutters.
引文
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