摘要
为明晰环境因子对酸角生殖枝生长发育的影响,提高干热河谷乡土乔木酸角林恢复成效及酸角生产管理质量。以元江干热河谷猫哆哩庄园酸角树新生生殖枝为研究对象,通过调查比较分析了不同坡向及坡位酸角生殖枝与营养枝、生殖枝的营养及生殖构件特征的差异。研究结果表明:酸角生殖枝和营养枝在枝条干物质积累策略(枝条干鲜比)上有显著差异;不同坡向、坡位,以及坡向×坡位交互因素均会对营养枝和生殖枝茎叶等营养性状特征产生影响,仅坡向因子对生殖枝花的性状影响显著,提示酸角开花特性主要受到光热及水环境的调控;北坡较好的水环境或相对少或弱的光照有利于酸角生殖枝花水分的保持(花鲜重)以及花的资源配置(花干重),但南坡相对多或较强的光照有利于酸角生殖枝的整体生长,并具有显著高于北坡的酸角果荚产量。研究结果提示酸角更适应干热的环境,在干热河谷酸角的生产中,适宜在阳坡(南坡)种植,保证盛花期具有相对较干的环境可能是促进酸角开花质量、提高坐果率的重要方法。
In order to clarify the effects of environmental factors on the growth and development of reproductive branches in Tamarindus indica, and to enhance the recovery efficiency and production management quality of T. indica forest in dry and hot valley of Yuanjiang, the author compared and analyzed the differences in nutrient and reproductive traits between newly-born reproductive branches and vegetative branches of T. indica in different slope directions and slope positions through field investigation. The results showed that: there was a significant difference in branch dry matter accumulation strategy(dry-fresh ratio of branch) between the vegetative branches and the reproductive branches; slope direction, slope position, and their interaction all had an impact on the nutrient traits of shoots and leaves in reproductive branches and vegetative branches, but only slope direction had a significant impact on the flower traits of reproductive branches, suggesting that the flowering characteristics of T. indica are mainly regulated by light, heat and water conditions; the better water environment or weak illumination in northern slope were favorable to the water conservation(fresh weight) and resource allocation(dry weight) of flowers on reproductive branches; while the more or stronger illumination in southern slope was advantageous to the overall growth of reproductive branches, and the pod yield of T. indica in southern slope was significantly higher than that in northern slope. So, T. indica is more suitable for dry and hot environment. In the production of T. indica in the dry and hot valley, this plant shall be planted in the sunny slope(southern slope).
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