摘要
为研究玻璃纤维、碳纳米管共改性环氧复合材料导热特性,制备了不同含量碳纳米管、玻纤填充的环氧复合材料试样,并测试了其体积电阻率、介电常数、介质损耗正切角、交流短时击穿电压及导热系数,分析了各填充组分对复合材料绝缘及导热特性的影响。实验发现,向环氧基体中添加少量碳纳米管,对其体积电阻的影响很小;但向玻纤增强的环氧树脂中掺杂碳纳米管,则可提高其体积电阻率和击穿电压,降低其介电常数和介质损耗,且当碳纳米管和玻纤的掺杂量分别取0.2wt%和40wt%时,材料绝缘效果最佳,能够满足母线运行绝缘要求。同时,环氧复合材料导热系数与玻纤含量呈正相关特性,单玻纤填充量为40wt%时,其导热系数可达到0.638W/(m?K),而双组分填充时则可升至1.286 W/(m?K)。研究表明,碳纳米管与玻纤在共改性环氧树脂过程中导热存在互助效应,在兼顾环氧复合材料电气绝缘的同时,可进一步改善其导热性能,从而降低母线温升。
In order to study the thermal conductivity of glass fiber and carbon nanotubes co-modified epoxy resin composites, epoxy composites with different filling amounts of glass fiber and carbon nanotubes were prepared and tested separately. In the following experiments, such electric parameters as their volume resistivity, dielectric constant, AC short breakdown voltages and thermal conductivity were examined or measured. By contrasting these related parameters, the effects of each component on the insulation and thermal conductivity of the composites were analyzed. The results indicate that, the addition of a small amount of carbon nanotubes to the epoxy matrix had little effect on the volume resistivity. However, the addition of carbon nanotubes to the glass fiber/epoxy composite increased its volume resistivity and breakdown voltage, and its dielectric constant is reduced. In addition, when the doping amount of carbon nanotubes and glass fiberis0.2 wt% and 40 wt% respectively, the material insulation effect is the best, which can meet the insulation requirements of busbar operation. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the epoxy composites is positively correlated with the glass fiber content. The thermal conductivity of the epoxy composites is 0.638 W/(m?K) at 40 wt% of the glass fiber content, and the two-component filling can reach 1.286 W/(m?K). The results show that there is a mutual effect between carbon nanotubes and glass fibers in the process of co-modified epoxy resin. While taking into account the electrical insulation of the epoxy composite material, the thermal conductivity of the epoxy composite material can be further improved, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the bus bar.
引文
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