摘要
该研究通过毛细管电泳法筛选微卫星引物,从GenBank的51对微卫星引物中共筛选出12对具有特异性和多态性的引物,并合成荧光标记引物,对广东大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)主养区3个养殖群体进行STR分型,以分析其遗传多样性。结果显示所检测的12个微卫星位点中,3个位点呈现高多态性,4个具有中度多态性,其余5个位点为低多态性。3个群体的遗传多样性水平偏低,期望杂合度(He)分别为0.312 5、0.360 6和0.328 4。群体间遗传分化指数及AMOVA分析显示,群体间遗传分化属于低水平,遗传变异有85.83%是由群体内不同个体间的差异造成的。群体间遗传距离分析显示,3个养殖群体间的遗传距离和遗传相似度比较接近。遗传结构分析表明3个养殖群体来自于同一个亚群。研究结果提示现阶段中国大口黑鲈养殖群体的遗传多样性已显著下降,因此在选育种过程应高度重视提高与维持种群遗传多样性的问题。
We selected 12 microsatellite primers with specificity and polymorphism from 51 microsatellite primers from GenBank by using an automatic nucleic acid protein analysis system. Fluorescent-labeled primers were synthesized to amplify the three cultured populations of M. salmoides from the main culture area of Guangdong. The results show that among the 12 microsatellite loci,three of them were highly polymorphic, four were moderately polymorphic, and the remaining five showed low polymorphic. The genetic diversity of these three populations was low, and the expected heterozygosity(He) was 0.312 5, 0.360 6 and 0.328 4, respectively. Genetic differentiation index and AMOVA analysis among populations show that the genetic differentiation among populations was low, and 85.83% of genetic variation came from difference among individuals within populations. Genetic distance analysis shows that the genetic distance was small and genetic similarity was rather high among the three cultured populations. Genetic structure analysis shows that the three cultured populations originated from the same subgroup. The results suggest that the genetic diversity of the cultured population of M. salmoides in China has decreased significantly at present. Therefore, great attention should be paid to improving and maintaining genetic diversity of the population during the breeding process.
引文
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