摘要
对沙米复合粉进行双螺杆挤压处理,全面探讨了不同挤压条件对仪器性能及产品特性的影响,为挤压膨化生产营养早餐粉及沙米的综合利用提供参考。结果显示:扭矩利用率和模头压力随螺杆转速、挤压温度、α-淀粉酶添加量增大而减少,随喂料速度增大有增大的趋势。加酶预处理使挤压复合粉的膨胀率和水溶性指数升高,吸水性指数略有下降,单位机械能显著低于未加酶样品。挤压后沙米复合粉颜色明显变暗,黏度值显著下降。综合考虑挤压机系统参数、膨化产品特性及挤压沙米复合粉的理化及糊化特性,选择螺杆转速为130 r/min、挤压温度为130℃、喂料速度为16 r/min、α-淀粉酶添加量为0.5%作为生产沙米复合营养早餐粉的较适宜加工条件。
In this paper, the effects of twin-screw extrusion condition on performance of instrument and characteristics of product were investigated, which provided reference for the production of extruded products with nutrition and the comprehensive utilization of sand rice. The results showed that,with the increasing of screw speed, extrusion temperature and the amount of α-amylase addition, the torque utilization ratio and die pressure decreased, but they would rose with the increment of feeding speed. The water solubility index and expansion ratio of the extruded compound powder significantly increased, the water absorption index slightly decreased and the special mechanical energy was lower than samples without enzyme. After extrusion, the sand rice composite powder became darker and the viscosity value significantly fell. When taking into account the system parameters, the characteristics of the extruded products and the physicochemical and pasting characteristics of sand rice compounds comprehensively, the optimal processing conditions shall be that the screw speed was 130 r/min, the temperature of extrusion was 130 ℃, the feeding speed was 16 r/min and the addition of α-amylase was 0.5%.
引文
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