摘要
基于开源软件FAST和Wolf土-构耦合方法,建立Wind PACT 1.5 MW风力机地震动力学仿真模型,根据三种不同的土质和三种地震强度,共设计了九种地面加速度谱模拟地震运动。通过分析不同工况下风力机的结构动力学响应,发现地震对风力机叶片的影响可以忽略不计,叶片主要受气动载荷的影响。随着地震强度的逐渐增大,塔顶位移和塔基弯矩均在不断增大。在相同的地震强度下,不同土质时塔顶位移和塔基弯矩存在较大差异,尤其是塔顶侧向位移和塔基俯仰力矩。塔架弯矩与塔架高度线性相关,并随着塔架的高度的增加而降低,塔基处弯矩和剪切力最大。地震强度为八度时,相比无地震工况,软土、硬黏土和岩土地质风力机塔顶侧向位移分别增大475%,359%和335%。且由于软土阻尼最小,能量耗散小,所以地震后塔架响应降低速率最慢,软土地基上风力机必须考虑地震载荷。
The seismic simulation model for a Wind PACT 1. 5 MW wind turbine was built up based on the opensourced code FAST and the Wolf's theory to consider the soil-structure interaction. Nine types of time series of ground acceleration were designed to define the seismic motion based on three different kinds of soils and three different levels of earthquake intensities. By analyzing the structural dynamic responses of the wind turbine under different conditions,it is shown that the influence of earthquake on the blades is weak,and the dynamic behaviors of blades are mainly affected by aerodynamic loads. The tower-top displacement and tower-base bending moment increase with the increase of earthquake intensity. Under the same earthquake,there are great differences in the tower-top displacement and tower-base moment for different kinds of soil grounds,especially the lateral displacement at the tower-top and the pitching torque on the towerbase. The bending moment of the tower is linearly related to the height of the tower and decreases with the height of the tower,and the bending moment and shear force of the tower are the largest at the tower-base. Under the earthquake with eight level fortification intensity,the lateral displacement at the tower-top of wind turbine has an increase of 475%,359%,and 335% for soft soil,still clay soil and rock still soils respectively,compared with the condition without earthquake. This is because the energy dissipated by the damping of soft soil is the smallest,which results in the minimal reduction of tower responses after earthquake. Therefore,the seismic loads must be considered in the case of soft soil.
引文
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