摘要
采用2016—2017年中国印度洋围拖网生产数据和同期的海表温度、叶绿素、表层海流和海面高度数据,绘制了阿拉伯海鲐鱼Scomberaustralasicus围网月平均单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)和环境因子空间叠加图,分析鲐鱼渔场与海洋环境因子之间关系,采用频次分析和经验累积分布函数计算鲐鱼渔场最适宜的海洋环境区间。结果表明,该海域月平均CPUE呈现先减少后增加的趋势;围网渔场渔汛主要在东北季风期间,从10月到翌年3月;作业渔场重心分布在59°—62°E、13°—17°N,具有明显的月变化,基本呈现西南移动趋势。空间上, CPUE分布在西边界流速较大的海域右侧,在海流最大值和最低值中间区域。在印度洋东北季风期间,阿拉伯海围网鲐鱼渔场适宜海表温度在25～28℃;叶绿素浓度在0.2～0.5mg·m~(-3);表层海流在0.05～0.25m·s~(-1);海表高度0.2～0.35m。
Satellite-based oceanographic data of sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration(Chla),sea surface current(SSC), and sea surface height(SSH) together with purse seine catch data of Chinese purse fishing boats during 2016-2017 were used to investigate the relationship between the fishing grounds of spotted mackerel(Scomber australasicus) and environmental factors in the Arabian Sea. Empirical cumulative distribution function and high catch data analyses were used to calculate preferred ranges of the four oceanographic factors. Results indicated that average CPUE(catch per unit effort) decreased from February to May, and then increased until December. The purse seine fishing season is mainly during the northeast monsoon from October to March of the following year. The gravity of fishing grounds is distributed between 59°-62°E and 13°-17°N, and shows monthly variation, mainly presenting a southwest movement trend. The CPUEs were observed along the high value area of SSC in the north-south direction, and located between the high and low value areas of SSH. The optimum ranges of SST, Chla, SSC, and SSH were 26–28℃, 0.15–0.5 mg·m–3, 0.05–0.25 m·s–1 s, and 0.2–0.35 m,respectively.
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