摘要
研发了一台应用在石油顶驱钻井设备的强迫风冷铜转子三相异步电机,首创了无机座设计、定子铁心轭部开通风孔、定子绕组端部环氧树脂密封、采用焊接铜条鼠笼转子等关键技术,满足了电机在频繁起停、过载、盐雾等工况下,对电机温升的苛刻要求。建立了温度场流场流固耦合模型,分析了电机额定负载工况下的各零件稳态温度分布以及瞬态温度随时间变化趋势。仿真计算和温升试验结果表明,沿电机的轴线方向,中后段位置温度较高,没有局部过热点。试验验证了建立的温度场流场耦合模型和仿真结果的合理性,温升满足电机H级要求。在耦合模型的基础上,分析了风道入口压力和定子铁心通风孔径变化对电机温升的影响,为改进电机冷却结构提供理论基础。
A special three phase asynchronous motor applied to top drive facility was studied,which uses the compulsorily ventilation and non-standard design. Critical techniques,such as non-base design,ventilation hole of stator iron yoke,epoxy resin sealing at stator winding end,and squirrel-cage rotor composed of copper bars were adopted,which satisfy the strict requirements under the condition of frequent start and stop,overloading,and saltmist. Temperature-fluid field coupling model was established,and then the transient-state temperature trends and steady-state temperature distribution of the parts of motor under the rating condition were analyzed. The results of simulation and thermal rising test showed that the temperature in the axial direction was higher at the locations of the posterior segment,and testify that the temperature distribution has no local hot spot. At the same time,experiment verifies that the temperature-fluid field coupling model and result are reasonable,which satisfy the requirement of H level temperature rise. The effect of inlet pressure and ventilation hole diameter change on temperature rise were analyzed on the basis of coupling model,which provides the theoretic foundation for improving cooling structure of motor.
引文
[1]KARL C,HABETLER T G,HARLEY R G,et al.Rotor temperature estimation of squirrel-cage induction motors by means of a combined scheme of parameter estimation and a thermal equivalent model[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2004,40(4):1049-1056.
[2]温家斌,孟大伟,鲁长滨.大型水轮发电机通风发热综合计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(11):115-119.
[3]MAXIMINI M,KOGLIN H.Determination of the absolute rotor temperature of squirrel cage induction machines using measurable variables[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2004,19(1):34-39.
[4]谢颖,辜承林.笼型感应电动机三维全域温度场计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(36):96-101.
[5]邰永,刘赵淼.感应电机全域三维瞬态温度场分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(30):114-120.
[6]杨明发,张培铭.异步电动机定子全域三维温度场物理模型简化研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(S):203-208.
[7]靳廷船,李伟力,李守法.感应电机定子温度场的数值计算[J].电机与控制学报,2006,10(5):492-497.
[8]王艳武,杨立,陈翾,等.异步电机转子三维温度场及热应力场研究[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(6):27-32.
[9]李伟力,李守法,谢颖,等.感应电动机定转子全域温度场数值计算及相关因素敏感性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(24):85-91.
[10]陈世坤.电机设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[11]魏永田,孟大伟,温嘉鑫.电机内热交换[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998.
[12]鲍里先科AИ,丹科BГ,亚科夫列夫АИ.电机中的空气动力学与热传递[M].魏书慈,邱建甫,译.北京:机械工业出版社,1985.
[13]陶文铨.数值传热学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[14]黄国治,傅丰礼.中小旋转电机设计手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007.
