摘要
硅藻土是一种由硅藻遗骸所形成的多孔材料,具有比表面积大、抗腐蚀性好和绿色无毒等优点。作为一种原料易得且价格低廉的吸附与催化载体材料,硅藻土在水处理方面表现出广泛的应用前景。天然硅藻土中含有不同比例的金属氧化物杂质,会降低硅藻土的孔隙率和影响其吸附及催化活性。因此,表面修饰和复合改性增强硅藻土吸附及催化性能是目前硅藻土材料应用于水处理方向的研究重点。本文从吸附和光催化原理出发,分析了不同表面修饰及复合改性方法对硅藻土结构与性能的影响,总结了硅藻土基材料在有机废水,富营养污水和重金属离子废水等污水处理方面的应用进展,并对硅藻土基吸附与光催化材料的发展和研究方向进行分析和展望。
Diatomite is a porous material formed by the remains of diatom, which has the advantages of large specific surface area, good corrosion resistance, green and innocuity. Diatomite-based materials as adsorbent or photocatalyst show wide application prospects in sewage treatment because of easily available raw material and low in price. However, most of the natural diatomite contains some metal oxide impurities, which may reduce the porosity and affect the adsorption and photocatalysis performance of diatomite. Therefore, the majority of research of diatomite materials for water treatment have been focused on surface decoration and composite modification to strengthen the adsorption and photocatalytic performance. In this review, the recent research progress of diatomite-based materials in treatment of wastewater(such as organic wastewater, eutrophic wastewater, heavy metal ion wastewater, etc.) are summarized and commented based on the principle of adsorption and photocatalysis, and the relationships between structure and performance of diatomite are analyzed from different modification methods. Finally, suggestions and outlooks on the future research directions in diatomite-based materials as adsorbent or photocatalyst are given.
引文
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