摘要
石墨烯(GR)是一种单原子碳纳米材料,具有独特的二维共轭平面结构,表现出优越的化学、力学、热学和电学性能。氧化石墨烯(GO)是制备石墨烯的前驱体,类似于石墨烯的二维结构,GO表面含大量的含氧官能团,具有良好的水溶分散性,GO通过化学还原方法可以得到导电性良好的GR材料。将GR材料与其他功能材料进行复合,可进一步改善复合物的物理和化学性能,如可分散性、可加工性和电催化活性等。综述了GR(包括GO)与碳纳米材料、金属纳米粒子、金属氧化物、非金属单质、聚合物或其他功能生物分子材料结合后,得到复合功能修饰材料用于构建高性能电化学生物传感器。探究了复合制备材料的纳米结构特征、功能结构作用对于提高传感器的电催化和电化学选择性能等方面的应用。
Graphene(GR), as a kind of monatomic carbon nanomaterial, which has a unique two-dimensional conjugate planar structure and shows excellent chemical, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Graphene oxide(GO) is a precursor of graphene, which similar to the two-dimensional structure of graphene. GO surface containing a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups,resulting has a good water-soluble dispersion. The good conductivity of GR materials can be obtained by the chemical reduction method of GO. The graphene materials compositing with other functional materials would further improve the complex physical and chemical properties, such as dispersibility, workability and electrocatalytic activity.The fabricated high performance electrochemical biosensors by combining graphene(including GO) with carbon nanomaterials,metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides, non-metallic, polymers or other functional biomolecule materials to form the composite functional modified materials were reviewed. The nanostructural features of the composite material were explored and the application of its functional structure for improving the electrocatalytic and electrochemical selectivity of the sensor was also discussed.
引文
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