摘要
微塑料(直径小于5 mm)广泛分布于全球海洋中,由其引发的污染问题近年来不仅逐步成为全球生态与环境科学的研究热点和前沿,更受到各国政府机构、社会公众及非政府组织的大量关注.海洋塑料污染问题早在20世纪70年代就被发现,但近年来才在国际范围内得到重视,国内外研究进展迅速.然而,当前海洋微塑料研究与应对仍然存在许多问题,需要进一步明确与解决.本文系统阐述了国际海洋微塑料污染研究的历史过程及关键事件和节点,以及这些事件在推动海洋微塑料污染研究和应对中发挥的作用和意义,并详细地介绍了中国海洋微塑料污染的研究和应对的现况,以及海洋微塑料污染研究存在的问题.
Microplastics(less than 5 mm in diameter) are ubiquitously distributed throughout the world's oceans. Marine microplastic pollution has become a global research hotspot and a new frontier in ecological and environmental sciences. The issue has increasingly attracted the attention of scientists, government agencies, and NGOs worldwide. Although the problem of marine plastic pollution was first discovered in the1970 s, it didn't gain attention in the international arena until recent years. Since then,microplastic research has progressed rapidly both globally and in China. However, there are still many problems with the research and response to marine microplastics, requiring further clarification and solutions. This paper first briefly reviews the chronological development of marine microplastic research as well as the role and significance of key events. Thereafter, the paper discusses the state of marine microplastic pollution research and the mitigation efforts in China and abroad, highlighting the current limitations in the research and response to marine plastic and microplastic pollution.
引文
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