摘要
[目的]筛选对多种农药都具有降解作用的微生物菌种。[方法]在经常喷洒农药的农田中采样,利用选择性培养的方式筛选对有机磷具有降解能力的微生物菌种,经菌落形态观察、生理生化特征及16S r DNA分子序列分析对其进行鉴定,并利用气相色谱测定其降解效果。对筛选得到的菌株进行鉴定。[结果]初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。[结论] L-1对甲基对硫磷的降解率达到73.43%,对敌百虫的降解率达到70.45%。通过对其他农药的考察,发现该菌株对氯氰菊酯和呋喃丹农药也有降解效果。
[Aims] The aims were to screen microbial strains that have degrading effect on various pesticides. [Methods] The samples in farmland where pesticides often sprayed were used, and the microbial strains that capable of degrading organophosphorus pesticides were screened by means of selective culture. The morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S r DNA molecular sequence analysis were used to identify the colony, and the degradation effect was determined by gas chromatography. [Results] The selected strains were identified as Bacillus. [Conclusions] The degradation rate of methyl parathion reached 73.43%, and the degradation rate of trichlorfon reached 70.45%. Through examination of other pesticides, the strain was found to have degradative effects on cypermethrin and carbofuran pesticides.
引文
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