摘要
目的了解北京市丰台区初中学生视力不良状况及其影响因素,分析视力不良与其他常见病(超重肥胖、高血压)之间的关系,为学生视力保护及近视防控提供参考依据。方法 2017—2018年,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法收集样本,组织学生进行集体自填调查问卷。结果 1 156名初中生视力不良检出率为73.5%,其中男生视力不良率为68.9%,女生为77.9%。各年级间视力不良检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随年级升高视力不良检出率增高。初一、初二和初三视力不良检出率分别为69.1%、71.2%和80.7%。普通中学与重点中学的检出率分别为73.8%和73.4%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2017—2018年北京市丰台区初中生视力不良的主要危险因素为读写姿势不正确,保护因素为户外活动和睡眠。
[Objective]To investigate the status of poor eyesight and its influencing factors among junior high school student in Fengtai District of Beijing,analyze the relationship between poor eyesight and other common diseases(overweight,obesity,hypertension),provide theoretical basis for the protection of eyesight and prevention and control of myopia in students.[Methods] From 2017-2018 Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect samples,and a collective selfadministered questionnaire survey was conducted among students.[Results]The detection rate of poor eyesight in 1 156 junior middle school students was 73.5%,and the poor eyesight rate of male and femsle students was 68.9% and 77.9% respectively.The difference in the detection rate of poor eyesight among different grades was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the detection rate increased with the increase of grades. The detection rate of poor eyesight in first grade,second grade and third grade was69.1%,71.2% and 80.7%,respectively. The detection rates of the ordinary middle school and the key middle school were 73.8%and 73.4% respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The main risk factors of poor vision among junior high school student in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2017-2018 include incorrect reading and writing posture,while the protective factors are outdoor activities and sleep.
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