摘要
RNA编辑是指在RNA水平分子发生的碱基的改变或修饰,从而引起其所携带的遗传信息发生改变的过程。作为一种重要的转录后水平调控方式,RNA编辑在高等植物的生长发育、逆境响应以及物质生物合成等方面具有重要作用。为了解乌拉尔图小麦叶绿体基因组RNA编辑的组成和特点,本研究利用生物信息学预测结合RT-PCR的方法对乌拉尔图小麦叶绿体的RNA编辑位点进行了预测与分析。生物信息学预测发现在76个蛋白质编码基因中,15个基因发生了RNA编辑现象,共计33个胞嘧啶(C)到尿嘧啶(U)的变化,其中ndhB基因发生的编辑位点最多;然后,随机选取5个基因进行了实验验证,初步验证了预测结果的准确性;进一步对这个5个基因编辑后其蛋白二级结构和跨膜结构域进行了预测,发现编辑后所有基因的二级结构均发生了改变,同时ndhB的跨膜结构域也发生了改变;最后,比较了乌拉尔图小麦与其他5个麦类作物叶绿体RNA编辑位点的异同,发现了叶绿体编辑位点在麦类作物中具有较强保守性,同时也发现了数个物种特异的编辑位点。本研究为进一步研究乌拉尔图小麦叶绿体RNA编辑的生物学功能提供帮助,为从RNA编辑视角揭示小麦的起源进化提供了重要参考。
RNA editing was a biological process that the RNA molecular occurred base change or modification to result in the change of genetic information at the post-transcriptional level. As one of the most post-transcriptional regulation methods in higher plant, RNA editing played the vital roles in higher plants, such as biological development, stress response, cell organelle biosynthesis, and so on. In order to understand the composition and characteristic of Triticum urartu chloroplast genome RNA editing, we systematically predicted and identified the RNA editing sites in T. urartu chloroplast using bioinformatics analysis combined with RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis showed that in the 75 protein coding gene, 15 gene occurred RNA editing. A total of 33 sites distributed in15 genes were predicted, all of which were C to U conversion. Among them, ndh B had the most editing sites. Than we randomly selected 5 genes to validate the editing sites. Furthermore, we predicted the protein's secondary structure and transmembrane domain of these five genes that had occurred gene editing. Results showed that the secondary structures of all these genes were changed, and the transmembrane domains of ndh B were also changed.Finally, we compared the similarities and differences of the chloroplast RNA editing sites of T. urartu and other five Triticum species. It was found that the chloroplast editing site had been highly conserved in wheat crops.Meanwhile we also found specific editing sites of individual species. This study laid a foundation for further study on the biological function of chloroplast RNA editing in T. urartu, which also provided the important information to revealing the origin and evolution of wheat from the perspective of RNA editing.
引文
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