摘要
六硼化镧(LaB_6)材料优异的电子发射性能和抗中毒特性,是空心阴极小型化长寿命设计的首选电子源材料之一,在中高功率空间电推进任务中具有很好的应用前景。特别是随着高功率长寿命航天电推进任务的论证,越来越受到国内外电推进研究领域的关注。本文对近年国内外空间用LaB_6空心阴极的研究情况进行了调研、对比和分析。调研结果显示国内LaB_6空心阴极工程研究处于国际同等或稍高水平,但理论研究成果较少。结合国内外发展趋势,作者分析指出了目前存在的技术难点,并对未来发展趋势进行了讨论。
The latest advance inresearch,development and application of space LaB_6 hollow cathode,home and abroad,was tentatively reviewed.The discussions focused on:i) the favorable properties of LaB_6 material in fabrication and miniaturization of compact hollow cathode and high power long-life electric propulsion,including but not limited to the high emission current density,low volatilization rate,strong contamination resistance and high stability;ii) advanced fabrication technologies of high power long life LaB_6 hollow cathode,especially the structure design of heater,for space electric propulsion in the U.S.Europe,Japan and China;iii) existing problems and possible solutions,the mathematically modelling and theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,in particular.Moreover,the development trends of the space LaB_6 hollow cathode were also briefly discussed in a though provoking way.
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