摘要
目的调查了解军队医院不同类别护理人员职业倦怠现状差异及心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。方法 2017年11—12月,选取新疆南北疆4所军队医院591例护理人员作为调查对象,采用职业倦怠量表、心理资本量表进行调查,采取线性回归分析心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。结果军人护士职业倦怠总分及成就感、人际关系得分[(23.00±11.92)、(5.26±3.39)、(2.18±2.21)]显著低于聘用制护士[(26.13±12.99)、(6.41±3.54)、(3.21±2.79)](均P<0.01)。职业期望较高军人、聘用制护士职业倦怠总分[(19.28±10.36)、(20.95±11.44)]显著低于职业期望一般护士[(27.79±12.12)、(32.25±12.05)](均P<0.01)。经常参加娱乐活动军人、聘用制护士职业倦怠总分[(21.74±11.64)、(23.62±12.76)]低于不经常参加娱乐活动护士[(27.23±11.98)、(30.74±12.17)](均P<0.01)。自我效能感、乐观是军人护士职业倦怠的影响因素(β=-0.412、-0.217,P<0.05),希望、乐观是聘用制护士职业倦怠的影响因素(β=-0.407、-0.314,P<0.01)。结论军队医院军人护士与聘用制护士整体职业倦怠有明显的差异,军队医院护理人员职业倦怠与心理资本关系密切,应提升护理人员的心理资本水平,有助于降低其职业倦怠。
Objective To investigate the differences of job burnout among different types of nurses in military hospitals, explore the effect of psychological capital on job burnout. Methods From November-December in 2017, 591 military hospital nurses in Northern and Southern Xinjiang were selected as the subjects, who were investigated by Military Occupation Burnout Scale and Psychological Capital Scale. The effects of psychological capital on job burnout were analyzed by linear regression analysis.Results The total score of job burnout and the scores of accomplishment and interpersonal relationship of the military nurses [(23.00±11.92),(5.26±3.39),(2.18±2.21)] were significantly lower than those of the employed nurses[(26.13±12.99),(6.41 ±3.54),(3.21 ±2.79)](all P <0.01). The total score of job burnout among military and employed nurses with high career expectation [(19.28±10.36),(20.95±11.44)] were significantly lower than those of the nurses with low career expectation[(27.79±12.12),(32.25±12.05)](both P<0.01). The total score of job burnout among military and employed nurses who often took part in recreational activities [(21.74±11.64),(23.62±12.76)] were significant lower than those of the nurses who rarely took part in recreational activities [(27.23±11.98),(30.74±12.17)](both P<0.01). Self-efficacy and optimism were the influencing factor of the scores of job burnout of the military nurses(β=-0.412,-0.217, P<0.05). Hope and optimism were the influencing factor of the scores of job burnout of the employed nurses(β=-0.407,-0.314, P<0.01). Conclusion The difference in job burnout between military and employed nurses in military hospital is significant. There is a close relationship between job burnout and psychological capital of nurses in military hospitals. It is necessary to raise the level of psychological capital of nurses to reduce their job burnout.
引文
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