摘要
为了探索高温-干旱胁迫对荒漠植物光合作用的影响,通过测定高温-干旱胁迫时花花柴光合作用的变化,来解释花花柴耐高温-干旱的生物学特性。本实验利用LI-6400XT光合仪测定三种环境(绿地常温,绿地高温,沙漠高温)中花花柴的胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)及气孔导度(gs)。结果表明一天之中花花柴的净光合速率和蒸腾速率,在绿地常温环境中于16点到19点时达到最高,此时的环境温度为33℃～34℃,同时间段沙漠高温环境中净光合速率相对降低了88.2%,蒸腾速率相对增高了2.15倍;胞间CO_2浓度和气孔导度,在绿地常温环境中于11点到13点会达到最高,此时环境温度为25℃～28℃,同时间段沙漠高温环境中二者都呈现出显著下降趋势。表明高温使花花柴的光合指数都有不同程度的降低,但是干旱胁迫的叠加加剧了高温对花花柴光合作用的负效应,且在净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_2浓度的实验数据中表现明显,从而可以解释花花柴耐高温-干旱的生物学特性。
In order to explore the effect of high temperature and drought stress on the photosynthesis of desert plants, the biological characteristics of the high temperature and drought resistance of Karelinia caspica were explained by measuring the changes of photosynthesis of Karelinia caspica in high temperature and drought stress.The intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci), net photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(E) and stomatal conductance(gs) of Karelinia caspica were measured in three kinds of environment(greenbelt under normal temperature,greenbelt under high-temperature, and desert under high temperature) by LI-6400 XT photosynthetic apparatus in this study. The experimental results indicated that during one day, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Karelinia caspica reached the maximum from 16:00 p.m. to 19:00 p.m. in greenbelt under the normal temperature, and during that time, the ambient temperature was 33℃～34℃. During the same time period on desert under the high temperature, the net photosynthetic rate decreased by 88.2% while the transpiration rate increased by 2.15 times.The intercellular CO_2 concentration and stomatal conductance reached the maximum from 11:00 a.m. to 13:00 p.m.,and during that time, the ambient temperature was 25℃～28℃. In the same time period on desert under the high temperature, both of these two indicators decreased significantly. The results of this study revealed that high temperature reduced the photosynthetic index of Karelinia caspica in varying degrees, but drought stress aggravated the negative effect of high temperature on photosynthesis of Karelinia caspica, and it was evident in the experimental data of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and intercellular CO_2 concentration, which could explain the biological characteristics of Karelinia caspica resistant to high temperature and drought.
引文
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