摘要
通过中频感应炉熔炼合金,采用熔模铸造工艺制备了新型无磁奥氏体不锈钢试块。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、Instron5882万能材料试验机和振动试验磁强计等手段,分析了铸态和固溶态304奥氏体不锈钢的显微组织、力学性能和相对磁导率;然后以304奥氏体不锈钢为基材,通过调整Mn、Ni、Cu等主要合金元素的含量,制备出一种新型的铸态无磁奥氏体不锈钢。结果表明,经1 200℃固溶4h的304奥氏体不锈钢试样的相对磁导率为1.008 7,达到了无磁材料的要求(μr≤1.02),且力学性能优良;铸态新型无磁奥氏体不锈钢的相对磁导率为1.006 6,力学性能良好。
The alloy was melted by medium frequency induction furnace,and the test blocks of non-magnetic austenite stainless steel were poured by investment casting.By metallographic microscope,X-ray diffractometer,Instron 5882 universal material testing machine and vibrating sample magnetometer,the microstructure,mechanical properties and relative permeability of 304 austenitic stainless steel at as-cast and solid solution conditions were analyzed.Then,based on the experimental results of previous 304 austenitic stainless steel,a type of new as-cast non-magnetic austenitic stainless steel was prepared by changing the content of main alloy elements such as Mn,Ni and Cu.The results demonstrate that the relative permeability of solid solution(1 200℃×4 h)304 austenitic stainless steel sample is 1.008 7,which meets the requirements of non-magnetic materials(μr≤1.02),presenting the satisfied mechanical properties.The as-cast new austenitic stainless steel is non-magnetic material with relative permeability 1.006 6 and desirable mechanical properties.
引文
[1]严彪.不锈钢手册(精)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009.
[2]刘亚丕,牛振标,周焊峰,等.现代不锈钢材料:结构、性能、特点和应用[J].磁性材料及器件,2016,47(3):72-79.
[3]蒲军,周强.核电产品奥氏体不锈钢材料磁导率控制工艺[J].机械,2012,39(3):58-62.
[4]征燕.无磁不锈钢[J].金属功能材料,2003,10(3):7-10.
[5]BERTERO E,HASEGAWA M,STAUBLI S,et al.Electrodeposition of amorphous Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel alloy with high corrosion resistance,low cytotoxicity and soft magnetic properties[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2018,349:745-751.
[6]KUMAR A,SONI R K,GANESH P,et al.A study on low magnetic permeability gas tungsten arc weldment of AISI 316LN stainless steel for application in electron accelerator[J].Materials&Design,2014,53:86-92.
[7]陈兴润,潘吉祥,蒋随强.固溶处理对309S不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016,36(7):684-687.
[8]CHEN X,LI J,CHENG X,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure,mechanical and corrosion properties of austenitic stainless steel 316Lusing arc additive manufacturing[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2017,A715:307-314.
[9]李炯辉.金属材料金相图谱[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[10]张婉云,邓火生,龙昌茂,等.奥氏体不锈钢焊条焊缝成分和组织对性能的影响[J].焊接技术,2016,45(4):52-55.
[11]FRUTOS E,LVAREZ D,FEMANDEZ L,et al.Effects of bath composition and processing conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of coatings developed on 316LVM by hot dipping in melted AlSi alloys[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2014,617:646-653.