摘要
以烤烟品种‘云烟87’为材料,采用盆栽试验研究安徽池州烟区不同全硒含量土壤(0.30、0.45、1.00、1.75mg·kg~(-1))对烤烟生长发育以及硒吸收和转运的影响。结果表明;1)土壤硒含量≤1.00 mg·kg~(-1)时能够促进烤烟生长,而土壤硒含量≥1.75 mg·kg~(-1)则抑制烤烟的生长;2)土壤硒含量的增加能够显著提高烤烟根系、茎秆、叶片的硒含量,烤烟各部位的硒含量呈现根系>叶片>茎秆的特点,根系硒含量是叶片的2~3倍,而叶片则是茎秆的3~4倍;3)土壤硒含量由0.30增加至1.75mg·kg~(-1)时,烟株对硒的吸收系数由1.08显著降低至0.36,次级转运系数则有2.84显著升高至4.03,即土壤硒含量增加降低了根系吸收硒的效率,但却增加了硒在叶中的转运和相对积累量;4)烤烟整株硒的富集量在土壤硒含量为1.00 mg·kg~(-1)时达到最大,每株达到72μg。可见,可以在当地富硒土壤(0.45~1.00 mg·kg~(-1) Se)上直接生产富硒烟叶,而不需要额外添加外源硒,从而减少成本,避免造成水土污染。
The plant growth, Selenium(Se) uptake and transformation in plant organs of flue-cured tobacco "Yunyan 87" exposed to soil with different Se concentration(0.30、0.45、1.00、1.75mg·kg~(-1)) were studied by a pot experiment in tobacco growing areas of Chizhou, Anhui province. Results showed that the appropriate amount of Se in soils(≤ 1.00 mg·kg~(-1)) stimulated plant growth but high concentration Se(≥ 1.75 mg·kg~(-1)) inhibited plant growth. The Se concentration in the roots, shoots, and leaves of the tobacco plants significantly increased with the increasing Se in soils. The pattern of total Se concentration in the tobacco plant tissues followed the order: root > leaf > shoot. The Se concentration in root was 2-3 times of the corresponding leaf, and leaf was 3-4 times of the stem. When the Se concentration of soil increased from 0.30 to 1.75 mg·kg~(-1), the root absorption index(RAI) of Se significantly reduced from 1.08 to 0.36, but the secondary transport index(STI) of Se significantly increased from 2.84 to 4.03. These suggested that the Se absorption efficiency of root was decreased, while the transport and accumulation of Se in leaf were increased with increasing Se concentration in soil. The plants accumulated the maximum Se(72μg) when the amount of Se in soils was 1.00 mg·kg~(-1). Therefore, we could produce Se-enriched tobacco leaf under soil Se concentration within the range of 0.45 to 1.00 mg·kg~(-1) without spraying Se fertilizer, thus reducing the cost and avoiding soil and water pollution caused by exogenous Se.
引文
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