摘要
为了掌控工矿区地表沉陷及其残余沉陷的空间分布、减弱沉陷引起的环境灾害,本文研究了工矿区地表沉陷的D-InSAR监测模式与关键技术问题。在参阅大量文献的基础上,论文首先分析了矿区地表沉陷D-InSAR监测中存在的实际问题和制约因素,针对矿区开采造成的地表沉陷特点,开展了利用短基线D-InSAR技术提取矿区地表沉陷的研究,并以开滦和兖州矿区的几个典型沉降区为例,具体分析了典型工作面地表沉陷的时空演变过程；在此基础上,开展了基于D-InSAR监测结果的采区地表移动变形规律实验研究,得到了荆各庄矿D沉降区最大下沉点动态下沉曲线和下沉速率等值线,该结果为指导采区建筑物、铁路等基础设施建设和分布提供了数据支持。最后,针对因残余沉陷造成的矿业城市地表沉降问题,研究了相干目标短基线时序InSAR监测方法,设计了矿业城市地表沉降数据处理的具体流程,以唐山市为例验证了该方法在矿业城市地表沉降监测中的可行性,具体分析了唐山市主城区及其周边地区地表沉降的时空演化特征,并对其造成的危险性进行了分区研究,提出了相应的对策与建议,为以后开展相关工作提供了参考。
In order to control the spatial distribution of the surface subsidence and its residual subsidence and weaken the environmental disaster caused by the surface subsidence in industrial and mining areas, the monitoring mode and the key technical problems of D-InSAR for surface subsidence in industrial and mining areas are studied in this paper. On the basis of referring to extensive literature, Firstly, practical problems and restrictive factors of the mining surface subsidence using D-InSAR monitoring are analyzed, and small baseline D-InSAR technique is used to study the mine surface subsidence aiming at surface subsidence characteristic caused by the mining, then a few typical subsidence areas of Kailuan mining area and Yanzhou mining area are taken as examples, and the temporal and spatial evolution of the surface subsidence in several faces is detailedly analyzed. On this basis, experimental research of surface movement and deformation law based on the results of D-InSAR monitoring is carried out, and dynamic subsidence curves of the maximum subsidence point and subsidence velocity contours of the subsidence D in Jinggezhuang mine are gained, which can provide the data support for guiding the buildings, railways and other infrastructure construction and distribution in the mining area. Finally, according to the surface subsidence problem of mining cities caused by the residual subsidence, coherent target small-baseline time series InSAR monitoring method is studied, then the specific process of surface subsidence data processing in mining cities is designed, and the feasibility of this method in monitoring surface subsidence of mining cities is verified by the example of Tangshan city, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the surface subsidence in the main city of Tangshan and its surrounding areas are analyzed in detail, and the risk zones caused by the surface subsidence are studied, then corresponding countermeasures and recommendations are provided for the related work in future as a reference.
引文
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