摘要
水杨酸是植物受到生物胁迫和非生物胁迫时合成的一种主要信号分子。并且是植物启动自身免疫机制,抵御外界病原菌入侵过程中,起到关键作用的信号分子。利用水杨酸类似物苯并噻二哗S-甲基酯(BTH)处理植物不仅会引起植物的免疫反应,而且会使植物的生长受到抑制。BTH筛选是鉴定参与调节水杨酸信号通路组分的重要手段。本研究用BTH不敏感筛选法对T-DNA插入和EMS诱变突变体库进行了筛选,试图揭示拟南芥水杨酸通路蛋白参与植物抗生物胁迫的作用机理,取得了了以下研究成果：
(1)发现转录因子家族WRKY54/WRKY70基因参与调节植物防御机制的新功能。wrky54/wrky70双突变体中PR基因表达水平较高,但该突变体的防御水平下降,PR基因在该突变体中不能够被BTH诱导表达并且NPR1蛋白水平不能在该突变体中累积上升。揭示了WRKY54/WRKY70基因可能是通过对NPR1蛋白的调节来影响植物防御的。
(2)WRKY54/WRKY70基因缺失导致HR反应不能正常发生。在病原菌感染该突变体后,HR反应不能迅速发生而出现滞后现象,表明了WRKY54/WRKY70基因参与HR反应的调节并起到重要作用。
(3)WRKY54/WRKY70基因缺失阻碍了植物的SAR。在该突变体中化学和生物诱导都不能诱发SAR,当植物再次受到病原菌感染时没有显示出抗性升高。揭示了该基因参与调节植物的获得性抗性,并在植物防御过程中具有决定性作用。
(4)通过BTH筛选鉴定并克隆拟南芥抗病相关基因BIND1。通过TAIL PCR手段对未知序列进行扩增并进行测序比对。结果表明该突变体是PFKB-like家族成员。利用Gateway系统克隆了BIND1基因全长(2164bp)和CDS全长(1032bp),35S-GFP亚细胞定位显示该蛋白在植物叶片保卫细胞的细胞质及根部伸长区的细胞核中表达。
(5)发现了BIND1在植物防御过程中的功能。该基因的表达可以被BTH处理显著诱导并依赖于NPR1。EDS实验以及实时荧光定量PCR表明该突变体基础防御能力降低且PR基因的表达受到抑制。揭示了BIND1基因参与调节植物防御过程,是水杨酸信号通路中的一个新调节子。
本研究通过BTH筛选的方法发现了水杨酸信号通路中的一个新调节子,并发现已知基因WRKY54/WRKY70在植物防御机制调节过程中的新功能。通过以上研究,进一步阐明了植物在防御生物胁迫过程中水杨酸信号通路的分子机制。为阐释拟南芥水杨酸信号通路蛋白参与植物抗生物胁迫机制的研究奠定了理论基础。
Salicylic acid is an important signal molecule that is synthesized by plants during stress and is important for resistance to pathogens. Repeated treatment with salicylic acid (SA) analogs such as Benzothiadiazole carbothioic S-methyl ester (BTH) not only triggers defense responses, but also results in growth suppression. Therefore, BTH screen is an important assay to identify SA signaling pathway components. In this research we screen for BTH-insensitive mutants in both T-DNA insertion and EMS-mutagenized population via BTH screen assay. Trying to indicate Molecular mechanisms of SA signaling pathway proteins involved in plant defense biotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. And the main results are showed as follows:
(1) Find the new function of WRKY54/WRKY70that regulate the plant defiance resistance. This mutant exhibits increased basal defense gene expression, yet it is compromised in basal defense. PR gene expression can't be induced by BTH and NPR1protein can't be accumulated in this mutant. These results predict that WRKY54/WRKY70may regulate the plant defense resistance through NPR1.
(2) WRKY54/WRKY70mutated result in HR delayed. HR can't be induced very quickly after pathogens infected. This indicate WRKY54/WRKY70plays an important role in regulate HR.
(3) WRKY54/WRKY70mutated result in SAR blocked. Neither Chemical no biological can induce SAR in wrky54/wrky70mutant. This indicate WRKY54/WRKY70regulate SAR and plays an important role in regulate plant denfense.
(4) Identified and cloned Arabidopsis thaliana defense related gene BIND1. TAIL PCR, followed by sequencing, revealed an insertion in a member of PFKB-like gene family. Cloned1742bp full-length genomic DNA and1032bp full length CDS. Subcellular localization of BIND1-GFP revealed that it is a cytosolic protein and could also be localized in the nucleus.
(5) Find the function of BIND1in plant defense resistance. This gene is induced by BTH and the induction is almost completely dependent on NPR1. This mutant is deficient in defense gene expression, and show enhanced disease susceptibility to Pseudomonas. These results indicate BIND1infect plant defense and is a new regulator in SA signaling pathway.
In this research we find a new regulator in SA signaling pathway and new function of WRKY54/WRKY70that regulate the plant defiance resistance. Based on these results, further clarify the molecular mechanism of plants SA signaling response to biotic stress. Laid the theoretical foundation of Molecular mechanisms of SA signaling pathway proteins involved in plant defense biotic stress.
引文
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