摘要
当前,我国正处于经济转型升级的重要时期。“十二五”规划纲要明确提出培育和发展战略性新兴产业,积极有序推进新一代信息技术、节能环保技术、新能源、新材料等对经济和社会发展具有巨大引领作用的知识技术密集型产业。拥有先进理念、掌握高尖端技术、具有国际商务与服务意识的海归人才必将在这一关键时期大有作为、成为不可或缺的重要力量。与此同时,人才对于当代中国有着前所未有的重大意义,国家和地方都正通过各种措施吸引海外人才回国创业。党中央、国务院提出了“拓宽留学渠道,吸引人才回国,支持创新创业,鼓励为国服务”的工作要求。各地方政府在争取海外人才落户上也不遗余力,纷纷以海归创业园为依托,出台了一系列涉及海归人才生活、工作、创业等各方面的政策措施,制订了包括资金、税收优惠、绿色通道等在内的一系列创业扶持政策,为海归创业提供了有力的政策保障。这一切的目的无非“筑巢引凤”,吸引海归创业者安家落户,推动当地经济发展。那么以资金和政策扶持为主要手段来吸引海归是否真的奏效?海归回国创业进行创业地点选择所看重的到底是哪些因素呢?这些问题的解答无疑为政府部门避免政策上的同质竞争,制定有效的引才措施提供帮助,同时也为后来的海外学子归国创业提供参考。
本文首先对国内外关于创业的相关研究进行了理论上的归纳和总结。一方面,明确了国内外关于创业概念的理论界定和创业研究框架,在既有创业研究的概念框架范围内挖掘本文的研究方向和目标。另一方面,对影响创业的因素逐层归纳,进一步明确本文研究对象。本文的第二、三章在前人研究成果的基础上,探讨并提出了影响海归创业地点选择的重要因素,构建了影响要素与海归创业地点选择倾向之间的关系模型,并提出了3条假设。
接着,本文的实证部分对所要研究的各影响要素分别进行了界定,明确了要素变量的度量,按照Likert量表的7点量表法设计本文的调查问卷。本文的问卷发放范围较广,涉及到很多地区的创业园,主要集中于大连市,经过长达7个月的问卷调查,共收集到不同地区海归创业者填写的143份有效问卷数据。在数据整理和初步统计分析的基础上,本文利用SPSS13.0、AMOS7.0软件对模型进行了优化、分析,并进行了检验,对本文的假设进行验证。
实证分析结果显示,本文所提出的3条假设中有两条得到了验证,即假设1：城市环境要素对海归创业地点选择倾向影响显著,假设3：海归创业者的社会资本对其创业地点选择倾向影响显著。接着,本文对经过验证的假设1、假设3进行了探讨,并提出了合理化建议,针对未经过验证的假设2进行了解释。最后,本文回顾了通篇的研究和写作过程,进一步提出了本文研究的局限性和进一步研究的方向,以供后续深入研究,挖掘本质作为参考。
At present.China is in an important period of economic transformation and upgrading.The Twelfth Five-Year Plan stated training and development of strategic new industries clearly.strengthening R & D of key technologies.breakthroughs in key areas.actively and orderly development of new generation of information technology.energy saving.new energy.biotechnology.high-end equipment manufacturing, new materials.new energy automotive industries and so on.During this critical period,The returnees who master highly sophisticated technology,have international business and service awareness and advanced concepts will accomplish much,They will become an indispensable force.At the same time,talent is very important for contemporary China,Both national and local are using a variety of measures to attract overseas talent to return home.State Council request that broaden the study channels to attract people back,supporting innovation and entrepreneurship.to encourage and serve the country, Local government are trying to t attract overseas students studying to settle. Government departments have established returnees Pioneer Park,issued Support polices.The purpose of all of this is nothing more than to attract returnees to entrepreneurs and promote local economic development.Then as a financial and policy support as the main means to attract returnees really work?What is the most important factor that Affect the business site selection?The answers to these questions is helpful for avoiding homogeneous competition and choosing business locations.
At first.this article summarized the theory on entrepreneurship at home and abroad.On the one hand,defined the concept on business and entrepreneurship research framework,Mining the direction and goals of this study.On the other hand, Summarized the factors affecting business to determine the object of this study, based on the previous studies,this article explores and proposes important factors that affect the returnees in business location.build theoretical relational model,and made three assumptions.
Then,the empirical part of the article defines the elements to be studied,Clears measure of the variable elements.and completes the questionnaire design.The Questionnaire mainly issued in Dalian.and a total of 143 questionnaires were collected.based on the data collation and preliminary statistical analysis.the article use of SPSS13.0. AMOS7.Osoftware for Optimization and analicizing.to Verify the hypotheses of this article.
The results show that Assumptions 1 and 3 have get the data support.lt means that elements of the urban environment tend to affect the returnees start site selection significantly and returnees social capital tend to affect their business site selection significantly.Finally, the paper discusses the results and proposes the limitations of this study and further research directions.
引文
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