摘要
语言不仅是人们的交际工具,而且是一个民族的文化的凝结,随着中韩两国相互交往的日益频繁,加强两国之间语言方面的相互了解是十分必要的。而谚语作为语言的重要组成部分之一,不仅在交际中发挥着重要作用,而且是一个民族思维和情感的结晶。它体现了每个民族固有的情感、智慧和心理活动,是我们了解一个民族的重要窗口。对中韩两国的谚语进行比较研究,不仅有助于两国的语言学习者更好地学习彼此的语言,而且可以加深人们对中韩两国文化的理解和认识。目前,学术界在中韩谚语的对比研究方面虽然取得了一些研究成果,但总体来看还是不够丰富的,这一领域仍有比较大的研究空间。因此,本文以口语性和常用性为标准,选取《(?)》(《韩国谚语大百科》)、《(?)》(《韩国的谚语》)、《韩中谚语词典》、《谚语分类词典》等工具书作为语料来源,从来源、意义、运用等各方面对其中的谚语进行了全面的分析,力求在前人研究的基础上将这一课题的研究做得更丰富一些。
本论文包括五部分：
第一章,引言。这一章介绍了中韩谚语对比研究的研究现状和本文的研究目的、研究意义以及研究方法。
第二章,中韩谚语的概念与性质。这一章介绍了中韩谚语的概念和特点,指出汉语和韩语中对于谚语的定义是基本一致的,都是指流传于人民大众口头的通俗、简练、含义深刻的定型语句,具有社会性、简洁性、通俗性、民族性、时代性、韵律性、可变性、比喻性和讽诫性等性质。
第三章,中韩谚语的来源。这一章指出了中韩谚语的来源。中韩谚语都有家庭生活、自然事物、农业生产、社会生活、历史事件这几个来源,同时,韩谚中还有一部分来源于汉语的历史故事以及谚语、成语和惯用语。
第四章,中韩谚语形义比较。在这一章中,笔者根据中韩谚语所用的素材和所表达的意义,把它们归纳为四类：同形同义、同形异义、异形同义、同形同义。并且对每一类别都结合语言材料进行了分析说明。
第五章,中韩饮食谚语比较。这一章对中韩饮食谚语进行了比较分析,在对中韩饮食谚语进行穷尽式统计的基础上对它们的异同点进行了分析。
Language is not only the instrument we use to communicate with each other, but also the condensate of culture. As the communication between China and Korea is becoming more and more frequent, it is very necessary to strengthen the understanding of language between the two countries. As an important part of language, proverbs not only play an important role in communicating, but also the condensate of the thoughts and emotion of a nation. It reflects the emotion, wisdom and psychological activities of a nation, so we can get deep understanding though proverbs. To do the comparative research work can not only promote the language study, but also deepen the understanding of Chinese and Korean culture. As so far, although some research work has been done in the field, more profound researches are in need. Therefore, this thesis selected colloquial and common used corpus from The encyclopedia of Korean proverbs, The proverbs of Korean, The Korean-Chinese proverbs dictionary and The classification dictionary of proverbs and made comparative research about their origin, meaning and use, in order to make the research in this field more profound and perfect.
This thesis is composed of five parts:
The First Chapter:As an introduction gives a brief survey of Chinese and Korean proverbs, as well as the purpose, approach and meanings of this thesis.
The Second Chapter:Focuses on the definition and nature of Chinese and Korean proverbs, pointing out that the definitions of Chinese and Korean proverbs are almost the same. They are both concise, popular and standard sentences which are widely used in people's oral language and contains profound meanings. They have the characters of sociality, terseness, popularity, nationality, times, rhythmicity, variability, metaphorical and ironic.
The Third Chapter:Focuses on the origin of Chinese and Korean proverbs. Chinese and Korean proverbs root in family life, nature, agricultural industry, social life and historical events. Some Korean proverbs also root in Chinese proverbs and idioms.
The Fourth Chapter:Makes a synthetic comparison in images and content between Chinese and Korean proverbs. According to the meanings and images, the proverbs can be divided into 4 groups:same in meaning and images, same in images while different in meaning, different in images while same in meanings, different in meanings and images. Then the author take examples separately to come to the conclusion of their characteristics.
The Fifth Chapter:Compare Chinese and Korean proverbs about food and drink. The author statistics all proverbs about food and drink, then make comparison about them to find out their differences and similarities.
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