摘要
本文研究水牛实验感染大片形吸虫后的免疫应答及病理变化。10头6月龄未受片形吸虫感染的摩拉品种健康水牛，随机分为A、B两组，每组5头，A组(编号为A1～A5)为对照组，B组(编号为B1～B5)为感染组。感染组每头牛人工喂服250个大片吸虫囊蚴。感染前和感染后每周定期从颈静脉采血，10ml用于白细胞总数计数(WBC)以及白细胞分类计数(DC)；10ml用于制备血清，保存在-20℃备用，感染结束后用ELISA法测定血清中抗大片形吸虫分泌排泄抗原(FgESP)IgG抗体水平。从感染后第7周起从直肠采集粪便检查虫卵，并计算每克粪便虫卵数；感染后第19周剖检感染组水牛，观看病理变化，收集片形吸虫并测量虫体的长和宽。结果表明：对照组水牛在整个感染过程没有检测到虫卵和抗体。感染组水牛不表现临床症状，白细胞总数比对照组稍高，但差异不显著；从感染后第4周开始，感染组水牛血液中嗜酸性细胞含量比对照组显著增高；其它类型的白细胞变化不明显；抗FgESP-IgG水平从感染后第2周开始升高，感染后18周达高峰；感染组有一头水牛在感染后第13周检出大片形吸虫虫卵，其余4头在感染后第14周检出虫卵；剖检感染组水牛B1、B2、B3、B4、B5，收获大片吸虫成虫的数量分别为56、11、42、33和61条，收虫率分别为22.4％、4.4％、16.8％、13.2％、24.4％，平均为16.2±8％。感染组水牛肝脏有些有明显的肉眼病理变化，病理切片显示，肝脏已处于修复期，纤维组织和淋巴细胞填充损伤的部位。
Immune responses to Fasciola gigantica experimental infection in Water Buffalo and liver pathological changes of the hosts were studied. Ten Water Buffaloes about 6-month-old were randomly divided into 2 groups of 5. Group A (marked with A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, A_5) served as control, Group B (marked with B_1, B_2, B_3,B_4,B_5) was experimentally infected by oral administation with F. gigantica 250 metacercariae (MC). All animals were bled from the jugular vein weekly for blood samples for 19 weeks post-infection (19 WPI). Whole white blood cells (WBC), differential white blood cells were count (DC) and serum preparations were carried out on the collected blood samples. The antibody titres of the sera of animals were determinated using ELISA. Feacal samples were collected from the rectum of amimals and examined for F. gigantica eggs by sedinentation method from the 7th week post-infected (7 WPI). All animals of Group B were necropsied at 19 WPI. The livers of animals were dissected for recovery and measurement of flukes.
The results showed that no clinical symptoms in Group A and Group B during the experiment. The whole white blood cells (WBC) count increased in Group B, but the differences between Group A and Group B were not significant statistically. No significan differences between Group A and Group B in monocyte, basophil, and neutrophil counts were observed. The eosinophil count in Group B increased significantly from 4 WPI. Anti FgESP-IgG level increased significantly at 2 WPI and displayed a peak at 17 WPI in Group B. The recoveries of flukes in B1, B2, 83, B4, B5 were 22.4%, 4.4%, 16.8%, 13.2%, 24.4% of infection dose respectively. The mean recoveries was 16.2±8%. In Group B, flukes eggs were found starting at 13 WPI in one animal and at 14 WPI for the other 4 animals. No flukes eggs were found in Group A during the experiment. Pathology was observed in the appearance of the livers of certain animals. The pathological slice showed that the livers had being repaired, and the lesions were replaced by leucocytes and
fiberes.
引文
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