摘要
本论文将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)同聚醚二元醇、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)反应,并用甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)封端,制备出双键封端的聚氨酯预聚体,将其进行水分散后,同含氟丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行乳液共聚合,成功制备出含氟聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液,并通过多种表征手段对乳液和乳胶膜性能进行了测定。
本论文通过红外光谱、粒径分析、稳定性测试、粘度测试等方法研究了乳液的结构与性能,并对对乳胶膜的力学性能、接触角、吸水率以及热性能进行了表征,并且将材料结构与性能的关系进行了深入的研究。研究结果表明所得材料具有优异的力学性能和表面性能,且环境友好。
另外,本论文还开发出了一种新型的可聚合型氟碳表面活性剂全氟-4-甲基-6-乙烯基-3,6-二氧丁基磺酸钠,将其用于含氟聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯乳液共聚合过程,替代常用的全氟辛酸铵。这种可聚合的表面活性剂可以通过共价键连接到聚合物链中,在使用时不会进入自然环境中,彻底避免了含氟化合物对环境的污染。
First, the PU prepolymer was synthesized by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyoxypropylene glycol (PPG-1000),1,4-butanediol (BDO), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and -COOH was introduced into the prepolymer. Then a type of alcohol containing double bond (HEMA) was used to cap the prepolymer and the polymer was dispersed into emulsion. Finally, the fluorinated polyurethane-acrylate emulsion with core-shell structure was obtained by emulsion polymerization. During the preparation of latex films, the aziridine cross-linking agent was used to improve the properties of films by curing the materials.
The structures and performance of different emulsions were studied by FTIR, Particle size analysis, stabilky test, viscosity test and the latex films were characterized by contact angle, water absorption rate and Tensile properties. The relationship between structures and properties was studied. The results showed that the functional waterborne coatings performs well with good mechanical properties, strong water-resistant ability and less environment pollution.
During emulsion polymerization, a novel kind of polymerizable fluorocarbon surfactant, sodium perfluorinated-4-methyl-6-vinyl-3,6-dioxide butyl sulfate, were prepared to replace the traditional surfactants such as PFOA. The results showed that the kind of fluorocarbon surfactant has excellent surface properties, and the emulsion with this emulsifier performs equivalent to the traditional emulsion. The polymerizable surfactant could be used as alternatives of PFOA and reduce pollution to environment.
引文
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