摘要
信息产业作为高科技产业在国民经济中占有核心的地位,而软件产业作为信息产业的核心,在国民经济中的地位越来越重要,如何发展中国的软件产业并在关键时期赶超世界发达水平,已成为国民经济发展的重要课题。目前,软件外包已经成为世界软件产业发展的一个重要趋势。
然而在我国软件外包业务的发展过程中,还存在着诸多的困难和不足,其中人力资源的限制越来越成为制约我国软件外包发展的瓶颈问题。软件产业是非物质资源约束性产业,是兼具智力密集型和技术密集型特征的产业。可以说,软件产业的发展,关键在人才。人才是软件企业的财富,人力资本是软件企业发展的根本保证,是软件产业发展的核心要素。
我国现阶段软件外包业务的人才不论是在数量、质量还是在人才结构上都存在着许多的问题,严重的阻碍了软件外包乃至整个软件产业的发展。因此,在分析现存问题的基础上,重新建设我国软件产业人力资源开发体系,对增强我国外包产业竞争力,赶超国际先进国家水平具有重要的理论指导意义和现实作用。
本文的主要内容是:首先运用人力资本与人力资源开发的相关理论,分析了现阶段我国软件外包人力资源开发的现状及原因;继而运用博弈分析的方法,探究了软件外包人力资本潜在投资者的博弈;最后在价值理论的框架下,结合前述分析建立了软件外包人力资源开发创新体系,并对山东省软件外包人力资源开发体系进行了实证分析研究。基于软件外包人力资源开发创新体系的复杂性,本论文将采用多种研究方法来研究。如辩证分析法、比较分析与实证分析法等。
本文的创新点具体包括以下五个方面:
1.选取了软件外包人力资源开发体系作为研究对象。在人力资本和人力资源开发理论的指导下,深入探究了我国软件外包人力资源开发中存在的问题及原因。
2.首次把价值网理论应用于人力资源开发管理中。依据价值网的理念,系统分析了软件外包中各潜在的人力资本投资者对软件外包人力资本进行投资的共同受益及行为。
3.利用博弈论中的相关理论,分析了软件外包人力资本投资者,包括各软件外包企业以及求职者之间的博弈。由于软件外包人力资本投资收益的不确定性,使得在博弈的过程中每个潜在的投资人都更多地从本位主义的角度出发,期望对方投资而自己受益,从而从理论上很好的解释了现阶段软件外包人力资源供需不对称的矛盾。
4.在价值网理论的框架下,结合博弈分析的结果,综合各方潜在投资者的利益,构建了一个政府、企业、人才培养机构三维互动的、全面系统化的、企业充分参与的人力资源开发创新体系。
5.在理论分析的基础上,对山东省软件外包的人力资源开发体系进行了实证跟踪研究,并根据研究结果对软件外包人力资源开发提出了一些针对性的建议。
The information industries enjoys a vital position in China's national economy, but the software industry took the information industries mainstay, it is more and more important in the national has become one of the pillar industries in the information industries, it has played a more and more important role in supporting national economic development. How to develop China's software industry and surpass advanced world level in the crucial time has become the national economy development the important topic. At present, software outsourcing became an important tendency in the world software industry.
However many difficulties and problems remain in the software outsourcing business, , and the limit of human resources become more and more difficult. The software industry is the intelligence industry, the technology-intensive industry. It can be said that the key factor of the development of software industry is the talented person. The talented person is the software enterprise's wealth, the human capital is the basic guarantee which the software enterprise develops, is the software industry development core essential factor.
At the present stage, there are many problems in the quantities, qualities and the personnel structure, which seriously impedes the development of the software outsourcing and even the entire software industry. Therefore, on the basis of the analysis of existing problems, the restructing of the human resource system will help raise the competitiveness of the software outsourcing business, and is of profound theoretical and practical significance on catching up with and surpassing the advanced levels.
The main content of this dissertation is: Firstly,by using the theory of human capital and human resources development,the dissertation analyzes the present stage of China's software outsourcing business;Then we analyze the game of the potential investors using the game theory;Finally, in the framework of the theory of value net,we establish a innovation system of human resource development,and make a empirical analysis of Shandong Province software outsourcing business human resources.
Based on the complexity of the innovation system of human resource development of software outsourcing business , the paper will use many kinds of research technique to study. This dissertation use the following three basic studying methods: dialectical analytic method; comparison analytic method; Authentic method.
This dissertation mainly has the following five creative areas:
1. The dissertation Selectes theresource development system of software outsourcing business as study objective. Under the guidance of the theory of human capital and human resources development, it explores the problems and causes of China's software outsourcing business.
2. The theory of value net is applied to the development of human resources management first time. Based on the concept of value net, the paper analyzes the potential investors' common benefit and behavior fo the software outsourcing business.
3.By using the game theory,the dissertation analyzes the game of the human capital investors,including the software outsouring enterprises and the job seekers.Due to the uncertainty of the future receipts,the potential investors of the game would not invest themselves from the perspective of selfishness,and want to benefit from other investors' investment.So we can explain the dilemma in the supply and demand of the human resources.
4. In the framework of the game theory,combining the result of the game analysis and the benifit of the potential investors,we build a innovation system which isi nteractive and comprehensive, and enterprises to fully participation.
5. on the basis of the analysis of the academic analysis,the dissertation makes the empirical research on the innovation system of human resource development of the outsourcing industry.Further more, we put forward some specific proposals.
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