摘要
目前在汽车制造领域中考虑安全性的要求，已经有很多汽车制造厂商采用新型高强度材料作为汽车覆盖件材料。为了研究高强度材料汽车覆盖件在冲压过程中的变形，解决变形过程中的回弹问题，本文采用理论与实际相对比的仿真试验研究方式来分析和解决高强度材料的变形回弹问题，从而提出了回弹补偿的具体办法，并通过KMAS软件来实现。具体为：
--重点分析了高强度材料的力学特性，建立了基于材料参数的多种本构模型，并研究了其应变规律。
--根据有限元的基本理论，建立了仿真过程中的有限元单元模型。
--分析了影响材料回弹的物理和机械因素。
--通过对高强度材料TRIP700的材料特性以及使用特征的分析，创新的使用可视塑性试验方法并辅助以几何测量学以及摄影照相技术来全面的分析材料在变形过程中的瞬间变化情况，从而了解了高强度材料的变形过程。为其回弹补偿提供了科学的依据。
--通过对回弹仿真与实际零件以及CAD数据的对比，建立了回弹仿真的流程，并创新的利用偏差分析法与超声波无损检测相结合得出了在仿真过程中仿真参数的选取对回弹的影响程度，并通过进一步的试验验证，得出了回弹仿真过程中高强度材料成形的最优参数组合。
--根据高强度材料变形的特点，在总结各方面对回弹补偿研究的基础之上，通过对补偿因子法进行深入的研究，创新的提出了交互式的平均偏差因子直接补偿研究法。并在全部补偿的同时对特殊区域进行局部的因子补偿，提高了补偿的精确性。并通过实际的KMAS仿真对比了基于实际的零件与基于仿真的零件的补偿算法，表明了基于实际零件的补偿因子算法的优越性。
At present, the auto market campaign is being more and more intense. In order to capture the market share and meet the users' need, each automobile factory begins to use the new high strength material to manufacture automobile panel to reduce the automobile body weight and enhances the body secure. Therefore the research on the deformation of the new high strength material is more and more importantly. And how to control the springback of the deformation of auto cover during stamping becomes the key problem, which many overseas car companies and the research institution need to solve. At present, in China automobile Self-development just started, although the research on the dies of automobile covering panel has already lasted a very long time to, it is merely limited in the theory research stage, and it is Long-Term and Huge Task to apply the theory in practice. Besides, the research involves rarely the high strength light material.
The high speed development of the CAD technology has provided a foundation platform for this research. At present many overseas car companies have developed own simulation software to simulate the automobile covering panel stamping. This paper unifies the key items of NSFC(The National Natural Science Foundation of China) undertook Institute of Automobile Body and Die Engineering in JiLin university, uses a commercial CAE software—KMAS (King Mesh Analysis System) about Metal Sheet Stamping Forming with Chinese intellectual property, and applies the advanced measuring and testing techniques in the world to test the stamping distortion of the high strength sheet, then compares repeatedly the testing dates with the KMAS simulation results to discover the distortion mechanism, propose the springback compensation method validated through experimental and the simulation. The experiment has proven the accuracy of the
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