摘要
具有体积小、功率因数高等优点的高速永磁同步发电机在微型燃气轮机系统中有着广泛的应用,但是其电流谐波畸变率很高,不仅降低了发电机的发电效率,还将导致电机发热老化、永磁体退磁、寿命减短等问题。此外,为了获得较高的功率因数,需要准确的转子位置,但高速系统中位置传感器安装也受到了空间位置、环境、精度等因素的限制。因此本文研究发电侧基于LCL模型滤波的高速PMSG无位置PWM整流系统。
本文首先建立了高速永磁同步发电机PWM整流器不同坐标系下的数学模型,并进一步分析了基于LCL滤波系统数学模型的改变与特点,并以此为基础分析了永磁同步发电机PWM整流器的控制策略以及在高速运行时系统的改进方法。
为了提高系统功率因数并省去位置传感器,本文分析了滑模观测器在高速PMSG整流系统中的应用。在串入滤波环节后,采用电容电流反馈和等效总电感两种不同输入信号的滑模建立方法并分析了其优缺点。
LCL模型滤波环节可以得到更好的滤波效果,但是其存在阻抗为零的频率点。这种现象削弱了滤波效果并威胁系统的稳定运行。本文从原理上分析了谐振现象的产生并研究了无源阻尼和有源阻尼法在对谐振现象抑制上的应用。另一方面,本文以根轨迹原理对系统的稳定性进行了分析,研究了不同阻尼方法以及不同反馈电流时系统的稳定性。
本文进一步研究了系统各部分参数的合理化设计。在分析了参数设计限制的基础上,分析了滤波环节以及母线电容的选取方法,并通过系统整定的方法研究了电压电流环PI参数的选择方法以得到最佳系统性能。
基于对系统的整体分析,本文利用MATLAB建立了基于LCL模型滤波的永磁同步发电机PWM整流器模型。对系统的电流滤波效果、转子位置检测、谐振现象的抑制等进行了仿真验证。最后,构建了以DSP为基础数字化系统实验平台,设计了系统的软硬件结构,通过实验验证了基于LCL模型滤波的PMSG无位置传感器PWM整流系统的可行性。
The high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator has been Widely used in microturbine system due to the advantage of high power factor and small size. However, due to its high speed, while switching frequency is somewhat limited, which led to its generation high current harmonic distortion. This not only reduces the efficiency of the generator's power will also lead to motor heating, aging, Permanent magnet demagnetization, shorting the life span and other issues. In order to obtain high power factor, require accurate rotor position, but the installation of position sensor in high-speed system have some limits such as Location, accuracy and environmental. so This article research on High-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator sensorless PWM rectifier based on LCL filtering model on the generator side.
This article first analyzes each in a different coordinate system mathematical model of PWM rectifier. And further more, analyzes the changes and features when series LCL filter. The article analyzes the control strategy of the PMSG-PWM system and the improvements of the high-speed system.
In order to obtain high power factor and eliminate position sensors, this paper analyzes the use of SMO in the rectifier system, proposes capacitor current feedback and equivalent total inductance two kinds of methods to establish SMO, when series with filter, and compares the advantages and disadvantages.
LCL filter can do better on the suppressing current harmonics, but there are zero-frequency impedances. This phenomenon weakens the filter and threatens the stability of the system operation. This paper analyzes the principle of resonance and study the passive damping and active damping method to suppress the resonant phenomenon. On the other hand, based on the principle of root locus, this paper analyzes the stability of the system using different damping methods and different feedback current.
Further more, this paper analyzes the rational design of parameters. Due to the research on the parameters selection limits this paper researches on the selection method of the parameters of the filter and bus capacitor. And then,analyzes the methods of finding PI parameters to meet good system performance.
Based on the overall analysis of the system, we established the model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous PWM Rectifier with filter under MATLAB and verified the effect of current filtering, the detection of rotor position and the suppression of resonance. Finally, the paper established a DSP-based experimental platform of digital systems and designed the hardware and software of the system. Through Experiments, this article verifies the feasibility of the system of the position sensor-less high-speed PMSG PWM rectifier based on LCL filtering model.
引文
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