摘要
涉林渎职犯罪是指林业工作人员或者其他国家工作人员采取徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守等手段直接侵害国家林业工作人员的职务的廉洁性的渎职侵权犯罪行为。包括违法发放林木采伐许可证罪、徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪等罪名。涉林渎职犯罪大多为窝案、串案,具有共同犯罪的特征；同时其涉及的地理面积大、领域广,包括林业生产、森林防火、木材运输、林木砍伐、森林病虫害防治等林业行政管理的多个层面；而且犯罪行为多样化,滥用职权和玩忽职守是其具体表现。一方面,涉林渎职犯罪的危害性很大,既妨害了林业行政管理秩序,侵害了林业行政管理人员职务的廉洁性,也给国家造成了巨大的经济损失,更带来难以弥补的生态破坏的损失。另一方面,涉林渎职犯罪行为却没有得到应有的处罚,涉林渎职犯罪的判决轻刑化程度较之一般的渎职犯罪更为严重。导致涉林渎职犯罪多发的客观原因在于：林业行政管理人员工作艰辛,待遇相对较低；行政管理者的权力分配不平衡,“一把手”握有很大的权力,林业系统内部监督很难达到监督权力滥用的目标；林业行业起步晚,但发展快,一系列的管理制度不完善,跟不上林业发展的步伐；少数林业行政管理人员职业道德修养不强,专业素质较差。预防涉林渎职犯罪,应从打击和预防两者结合来进行,预防方面要求全社会给予积极关注,利用电视、广播等主渠道媒体、互联网等舆论手段加强打击预防涉林渎职犯罪的宣传攻势,逐步提高林业工作人员的工作待遇,同时通过提高林业检察部门的办案能力和创造条件确保法院相关林业法庭判决的的公正性来震慑涉林渎职犯罪。涉林渎职犯罪的打击和预防需要全社会的合力保障,才能取得理想的效果。
Forest crime refers to the forestry staff or other state personnel take play favouritism and commit irregularities, breach of privilege, be forgetful of one's duties and other means to direct infringement national forestry office staff of the integrity of the malfeasance crime. Including the crime of illegal tree cutting licenses issued, play favouritism and commit irregularities not handing over criminal cases and other charges. Forest crime.of dereliction of duty are mostly nest case series, case, with a common criminal; At the same time, the geographical area is large, wide field, including the forestry production, forest fire prevention, timber transport, logging, forest disease and pest control of forestry administration in multiple dimensions; And criminal behavior diversification, be forgetful of one's duties is breach of privilege and its specific performance. One side, forest of dereliction of duty in great danger, which has hindered the forestry administrative order, enroach on forestry administrative personnel integrity, but also to the state caused huge economic losses, more bring irreparable loss of ecological destruction. The crime of dereliction of duty in forest multiple objective reason:On the other hand, forestry crimes of dereliction of duty behavior did not get due punishment, forest-related crime of malfeasance judgment light punishment degree than common crimes of dereliction of duty is more serious. Forestry administrative staff work hard, treatment is relatively low; Administration of the power distribution is not balanced, " top leaders" holds the power, forestry system of internal supervision is difficult to reach the target of abuse of power supervision; Forestry industry start late, but development speed, a series of management system is not perfect, can not keep up the pace of development of forestry; A few forestry administrative personnel occupation moral cultivation is not strong, professional quality is poorer. Prevention of forest crimes of dereliction of duty, should combine to combat and prevent, prevention requires that the whole society give positive attention,_The use of television, radio and other media such as the Internet public opinion, the main channel means to strengthen the fight against forest crime of dereliction of duty propaganda offensive, Gradually improve forestry staff treatment, at the same time by improving the forestry procuratorial departments handling ability and create conditions to ensure that the court trial division of forestry related judgments of fairness to deter forest-related crime of dereliction of duty. Forest of dereliction of duty in combat and prevent it needs the whole society force protection, to achieve the ideal effect.
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