摘要
本文提出了一种组合式石英圆柱壳体振动陀螺结构。将陀螺谐振子的谐振部分与驱动部分分开进行加工,再通过高强度胶将两部分联接为一个整体谐振子。通过这种方法,可以在保证陀螺性能的同时显著降低石英谐振子的加工难度。
全文针对这种组合式石英圆柱壳体振动陀螺,对其理论分析、制造工艺以及性能测试等进行了深入的研究。具体研究内容如下:
1.提出了组合式石英谐振子的结构并建立其数学模型,并对其进行了结构分析及模态仿真分析。研究了组合式谐振子各个尺寸参数对谐振频率的影响,发现谐振环的外径及厚度对谐振频率的影响最大,为谐振子的结构设计提供了理论依据。
2.研究了组合式圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子Q值的影响因素。通过理论分析及实验研究,分析了组合式谐振子的材料、尺寸以及谐振环形状等因素对于谐振子品质因数的影响。研究结果表明组合式谐振子的Q值相比整体加工的谐振子减小幅度不大,而谐振子材料、谐振环形状及谐振环外径对Q值的影响较大。
3.研究了组合式石英圆柱壳体振动陀螺的制造工艺,包括石英谐振环和石英底部的加工工艺以及胶接工艺。研究了圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子的频率裂解以及其修形理论,采用添加质量法对组合式石英谐振子进行了修形,并将其频率裂解调整到了0.05Hz以下。
4.制作出组合式石英圆柱壳体振动陀螺样机,并对其进行了性能测试。得到陀螺样机的Q值为6400左右,谐振频率的温度系数为8.64 ?1 0? 5/℃。在动态范围为±100?/s的情况下,刻度因子为112.5mV/(?/s),线性度为0.75%,室温下两个小时内的零偏稳定性为1.6?/h。
A novel combined fused silica cylinder shell vibrating gyroscope is proposed in this dissertation. The cylinder wall and the bottom of the fused silica resonator are fabricated separately, and then are connected by glue. With this method, the manufacturing difficulty of the fused silica cylinder vibrating gyroscope can be reduced significantly and the gyroscope performance can be retained without obvious degeneration.
In this dissertation, the combined fused silica cylinder shell vibrating gyroscope is studied systematically, including the theoretical analysis, fabrication and performance test. The research results are shown as follows:
1. Mathematical model of the combined fused silica resonator was built, and the structure characteristic of the resonator was studied. The relationship of resonance frequency and size of resonator was analyzed by the model simulation. It is shown that the diameter and thickness of the resonance cylinder wall have a major influence on resonator, which provided a reference for the structure design of the resonator.
2. The influence factors of Q factor of the combined resonator are investigated theoretically. And the various experiments on the influence factors are performed. The experimental researches are conducted to study the factors which influence the quality factor of the combined resonator, including the material, the size and the shape. It is shown that the combined resonator’s Q factor is retained without remarkable deterioration comparing with an integral resonator’s Q factor, and the material, the shape and the diameter of the resonator are the crucial influence factors of the quality factor.
3. The fabrication processes of the combined fused silica cylinder shell vibrating gyroscope are studied, including machining processes of the cylinder wall and the bottom of the fused silica resonator. The precision balance method for minimizing the natural frequency split of the resonator is described. The natural frequency split is reduced to 0.05Hz after mechanical balance.
4. A combined fused silica cylinder shell vibrating gyroscope is fabricated, and the performance is tested. The result shows: the Q factor is 6400, and the frequency-temperature coefficient is 8.64 ?1 0? 5/℃. In the measurement range of±100?/s, the scale factor is 112.5mV/(/s), the nonlinearity is 0.75%, the bias stability in two hour at room temperature is 1.6?/h.
引文
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