摘要
随着现代经济的飞速发展和能源问题的日益突出,节能问题已经成为世界关注的焦点。在全球范围内,过程工业领域都在采用流体能量回收技术来实现能量的最优化和最高效配置。流体压力能回收和综合利用技术及装置的研究已经成为近年来反渗透海水淡化工业相关领域的热点。
本文综合评定比较了现有的各种流体压力能回收技术以及相应装置的性能和特点,选择目前国内研究较少的基于正位移原理的旋转式压力交换器为主要研究对象,结合反渗透海水淡化系统的工业应用背景,采用以实验为主,计算为辅的方法,对外驱型压力能回收装置进行了相应的设计、实验和研究。
在已有的自驱型旋转式压力交换器和电机驱动型旋转式压力交换器的实验研究的基础上,综合考虑其优缺点,采用以外部流体驱动转子转动的方式,设计并建立了外驱型旋转式压力交换器的能量回收装置。本实验以小型反渗透海水淡化系统为研究平台,设计并建立了外驱型旋转式压力交换器的相关实验流程。
根据实验流程结构,对影响旋转式压力交换器的端面泄漏和压力保持情况的各种因素进行了分析研究,并对其主要影响因素——端面间隙与泄漏和压力的相互关系进行了重点研究。
实验装置实现了转子的平稳转动,在反渗透海水淡化系统中研究了旋转式压力交换器孔道内高低浓度流体的掺混情况,并分析了压力能交换效率及其影响因素。
实验结果表明,旋转式压力交换器的转子端面与定子端面之间的间隙量控制是影响各项实验结果的最主要的因素。在现有的技术条件下,所设计旋转式压力交换装置所能达到的最小端面间隙为0.05mm,最高交换压力达到1.20MPa,最高能量回收效率为68.8%。
本文设计建立的旋转式压力交换器能量回收装置尚处于试验阶段,还有很多需要更加完善和改进的地方。本文的实验研究结果可为自驱型旋转式压力交换器的设计和完善提供相关依据,并为国内基于正位移原理的的流体能量回收装置的设计和研究进行了探索性的工作。
With the development of the modern economy and the serious energy problem, energy-recovery gets more and more attention all over the world. In the global area, the hydro-energy recycle technology has been applied to achieve the optimization of energy and higher efficiency schemes in the process industry, and the research on the fluid pressure recover technology and relative equipments becomes a hotspot in the seawater reverse osmosis(SWRO) industry and relevant fields during the recent years.
The rotary pressure exchanger based on the positive displacement principle was studied after the analysis and comparison of various hydro-energy recycle technologies and equipments in the paper. The research on the rotary pressure exchanger was applied within the SWRO system, and its relevant design and experimental research was carried out major in experimentation and also theoretical computation.
The new extra-fluid driven rotary pressure exchanger was designed and set up, considered the advantage and disadvantage of the former experimental result on the first fluid self-driven equipment and the second electromotor driven equipment The experiment flow of the rotary pressure exchanger was designed and set up, with the SWRO system as its research platform.
According to the experiment flow, analysis and research on the various factors affecting the end-cover leakage and pressure-holding instances, were progressed, and the correlation between the main factor, end-face clearance, and the leakage & pressure was emphasized.
The stable rotation of the rotor was actualized. The fluid mixing instance in the rotor channels of the pressure exchanger was studied in the SWRO system, the energy recovery efficiency was evaluated. At the same time, the possible parameters which could affect the recovery efficiency were analyzed.
The experimental results show that the end-face clearance is the key factor which affects the recovery efficiency. In the existing technique situation, the minimum clearance achieved in the experiment is 0.05mm, the highest pressure is 1.20MPa, the highest energy recover efficiency is 68.8%.
The rotary pressure exchanger designed and built in this research is still in the testing phases. The results of this experiment research in this paper could be used in the future design and consummation, and provide valuable data and experiences for the future research on the hydro-energy recycle technology and equipment.
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