摘要
本文采用自由共聚的方法,分别制备了甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯溴代正丁烷季铵盐(MEBA)与活性硅氧烷单体—γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)的二元共聚物(MEBA-co-KH570)以及MEBA、KH570与甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEM)的三元共聚物(MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570)。
分别以MEBA-co-KH570共聚物以及用二溴丁烷(DBB)同时交联和季铵化MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570三元共聚物为湿敏材料,制备了高分子电阻型湿敏元件。探讨了共聚组成比例、制备工艺、电极结构、保护膜、第三组分等因素对元件的湿敏响应特性及其耐水性能的影响。
实验表明,以MEBA-co-KH570共聚物为湿敏材料,当单体配料比为MEBA/KH570=4/1时,制备的湿敏元件具有最佳的湿敏响应特性,响应线性度好,灵敏度高,响应快,湿滞小,且耐水性好,同时研究了不同保护膜层对提高湿敏元件的耐水性能的影响。并将MEBA-co-KH570共聚物与纳米碳管(CNTs)复合,制备了复合型湿敏材料,讨论其湿敏特性。复合后改善了湿敏元件在低湿下的阻抗,很好的修正了响应曲线的线性度。
以1,4-二溴丁烷(DBB)同时交联和季铵化MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570三元共聚物为湿敏材料,制备的具有互穿结构的高分子电阻型薄膜湿敏元件。当单体配料比为TDMAEM(MEBA+MAEM)/KH570=2/1,MEBA/DMAEM=2/1时,制各的湿敏元件具有响应线性度好,灵敏度高,响应快(4s),湿滞小(≤1%RH),高温高湿稳定性好等优点。其在11%—94%RH湿度范围内,阻抗变化才3个数量级(4-638 kΩ),非常适合于实际应用的需要。
In this paper, two novel polyelectrolyte copolymers — poly(MEBA-co-KH570) and poly(MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570) were prepared by radical copolymerization of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl butyl ammonium bromide (MEBA), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) and y-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), respectively.Resistive type thin film humidity sensors were prepared using the two polyelectrolyte copolymers as humidity-sensitive materials. The effects of composition of the copolymers, technical parameters for sensor fabrication, electrode structure, protective film and doping agents, etc. on humidity response and water-durability of the humidity sensors have been investigated.The humidity sensors based on the MEBA-CO-KH570 copolymer prepared with a monomer mole ratio of MEBA/KH570=4/l exhibit the best response characteristics: good linearity, high sensitivity, quick response, small hysteresis and good water-durability. Furthermore, the effects of different protective films on water-durability of humidity sensors were investigated.The humidity sensors based on composites of MEBA-CO-KH570 with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were also prepared, and the humidity sensitive properties of the sensors have been investigated. The sensors exhibit better linearity, especially lower impedance at low humidities.Simultaneously cross-linked and quaternized MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570 copolymer was also investigated as a humidity sensitive material with interpenetrating network (IPN). The humidity sensors based on the MEBA-co-DMAEM-co-KH570 copolymer prepared with a monomer mole ratio of TDMAEM(MEBA+MAEM)/KH570=2/land MEBA/DMAEM=2/1 exhibit the better humidity sensitive properties such as good linearity, high sensitivity, quick response (about 4s), small hysteresis (=1%RH) and good stability at high
humidity (88-93%RH) and high temperature (38°C). Over the range of 11%-94%RH, the sensors exhibit a change of three orders of magnitude (4-638 kO) in impedance that is well-suited for practical use.
引文
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