摘要
本文依据我国重载铁路的发展现状,结合国内外的最新研究结果,以重载铁路运能的合理利用为重点,集疏运一体化思想为指导,重载铁路车流调整为研究主线,对半封闭式重载铁路运输组织的关键技术进行研究,包括重载铁路的合理运量、重载运输系统的投资规划以及重、空车流组织等问题,以求给出符合我国重载铁路实际的半封闭式重载铁路运输组织方法。
论文概述了重载运输的定义及其发展情况,简要分析了铁路重载运输组织的一些特点;介绍了重载列车组织形式的分类及其运用情况,并对重载铁路的类别及其所适用的重载列车组织形式进行了分析;研究了半封闭式重载铁路运输系统的构成,并对其运输组织的关键问题做了分析。
论文在回顾已有运输通道理论的基础上,明确重载运输通道的含义、结构、吸引范围和流量的分类,确定线路分工的相关原则;指出了铁路流量分配问题的特殊性,将流量对广义运输费用的影响引入车流分配问题中,以系统最优原则建立了基于运量的重载运输通道车流分配模型并设计了求解算法;在研究线路对节点吸引强度的基础上,通过调整模型中节点与运输线路间的广义运输费用扩大或缩小重载运输通道内线路的吸引范围,适应运输需求或运输能力的变化。
论文在介绍我国煤炭重载运输通道规划状况的基础上,指出我国重载铁路建设配套集疏运系统的必要性;在重载铁路建设集疏运一体化思想的指导下,提出了半封闭式重载铁路建设的集疏运一体化规划理论,研究识别重载运输通道中各线路及建设方案间相互关系的方法;建立了投资规划的双层模型,从设备技术改造和运输组织相结合的角度,指导重载铁路运输系统的建设。
论文分析了重载列车组合站的特点,车站站型、列车在站作业特点、列车作业过程等的特殊性,指出重载列车组合站通过能力是限制组合列车开行规模的重要因素,也是合理利用重载铁路运能的关键所在;探讨了影响重载列车组合站能力的主要因素,提出通过能力实现概率的概念;以Petri网理论为基础,计算机仿真为基本手段,建立适用于确定重载列车组合站通过能力的仿真模型,并以大秦线湖东站为例进行了验证,得出了相关结论。
论文分析了半封闭式重载铁路空车调整问题的特殊性,将空车调整问题按在卸车端空车列形成和在装车端空车列配送分为两个阶段,建立具有不同目标和约束的优化模型;通过对卸车端模型的研究得出重载铁路空车方向以提高通过能力利用为主,重车方向以提高输送能力利用为主的结论;通过对装车端模型的研究,得出生产企业重视空车列的类型、数量和到达时间,而铁路运输企业则关注空车列分解配送站的设置以及分解配送站空车列发车次序问题等相关结论。
The paper,considering the current situation of Chinese heavy haul railway as well as the result of the exist domestic and foreign study,studies on the problems related to transportation organization of the semi-closed heavy haul railway. The paper,taking rational utilization of transport capacity as the focal point,studies the theory of rationally distributing traffic volume of heavy-haul railway corridor,and also the theory of the corresponding update of railway facilities and according traffic organization of heavy haul railway.
Firstly,the paper sums up the definition of heavy haul railway and its development course,briefly analyzes the characteristics of heavy haul railway,introduces the classification and application of the heavy haul railway and the applicable trains,studies the composition of the semi-closed heavy haul railway system,and makes analysis to key problems of the transportation organization.
Secondly,the paper,based on the exist theories of transportation corridor,defines the definition,structure,attractable range and classification of volume of the heavy-haul-railway corridor,and the relevant principles to divide the work between the lines in the corridor.The influence of the tree-type car flow routing on traffic assignment of railway is pointed out,and the impact of traffic volume on the generalized transport cost of railway is introduced.So the paper establishes the traffic volume distribution model of heavy haul railway based the system optimality principle, and designs the algorithm to solve it.In order to accommodate the change of the transportation demand or transport capacity,based on the study of the attracting intensity of the railway on a node,the paper has researched to expand or reduce the attractable range of the line in the corridor through adjusting the generalized transport cost of the model between the node and the railway.
Thirdly,through the presentation of construction and plan of the heavy-haul-railway corridor in China,the necessity to construct the matched collection and distribution system to the heavy haul railway is pointed out,and under the guidance of thought of integrative collection and distribution system,the plan of constructing integrative collection and distribution system of the semi-closed heavy haul railway is proposed and the method to identify the relationship between the lines in the heavy-haul-railway corridor and relationship between the construction scheme is researched.The paper establishes Bi-level programming model of investment planning,combining the equipment technical update and the transportation organization,to guide the construction of the heavy haul railway transportation system.
Fourthly,the paper analyzes the characteristics of the combination station for heavy haul trains,including the particularity of the station shape,the specialty of the work and work process for the trains in the station and so on,and educes that the capability of the combination station for heavy haul trains is the key to rational utilization of transport capacity of the heavy haul railway.The main factors affecting the capability of the combination station is analyzed,and the concept of the attainable probability of combination capability is brought forward.On the basis of Petri network theory,the paper,taking the computer simulation as basic means,establishes the simulation model to confirm the combination capability of the combination station for heavy haul trains. The Hudong station in Daqin railway is taken as an example to validate the model,thus the conclusions related to Hudong station,including combination capability,carrying capacity and traffic volume per year,is acquired.
Finally,through analyzing the particularities of the empty cars feedback of semi-closed heavy haul railway,the paper divides the problem into two phases.The first phase is the available empty cars to form unloaded trains at unloading end of heavy haul railway,and the second phase is the empty-car trains distributed at the loading end of heavy haul railway.Then,the paper establishes two optimization models with different goals and restrictions.Through the research of the optimization model of the unloading end of heavy haul railway,the relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of unloaded trains in unloading end including that the direction of loaded trains would increase the traffic capacity and the direction of unloaded trains would increase the transport capacity are presented.Through the research of the model of the loading end of heavy haul railway,the relevant conclusions of distribution scheme of unloaded trains in loading end are introduced including that manufacturing enterprises pay more attention to the type,quantity and arrival time of the demanded unloaded trains,however,the transportation enterprise pays more attention to the quantity of disassembling stations and the departure sequence of the unloaded trains in the disassembling stations.
引文
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