摘要
螺纹联接是汽车、内燃机等众多机械行业装配作业中广泛采用的一种方法，为了确保装配质量，必须对螺纹联接的拧紧状态予以控制。用于控制螺纹拧紧的方法主要有扭矩法，扭矩—转角法，屈服点法三种。发动机螺栓拧紧技术的研究是指在使用专门设备(如螺栓自动拧紧机)的情况下，对采用不同的拧紧方法紧固螺栓，能否达到规定预紧力要求的研究。对于所要研究的螺栓，本文以DA462发动机的连杆螺栓为例进行分析。
本文着重通过对螺纹拧紧机理的分析和采集大量试验数据对比，来阐述采用不同的拧紧工具和不同的拧紧方法，对发动机连杆螺栓拧紧所达到的质量和效果的不同，从而明确提出使用螺栓自动拧紧机，采用扭矩—转角法的优点。同时还进一步通过试验对比，阐述采用阿特拉斯自动拧紧机和扭矩—转角法来拧紧连杆螺栓后，应当如何调整相应的拧紧技术要求，实现对螺纹副联接质量的控制，确保连杆螺栓的装配质量；以及如何重新标定逆向分解检查连杆螺栓拧紧力矩的限值，达到现场便于对螺纹拧紧质量进行监控；最后还结合对发动机螺栓拧紧技术的研究，对发动机连杆螺栓的拧紧，提出一些有建议性的想法和改进意见，供有关技术人员参考。
Threaded connection is one method that is widely used in the mechanical assembly such as assemble of automobiles and internal combustion engine etc.. In order to ensure high quality of assembly, the tightening of threaded connection must be controlled. The primary methods for controlling thread tightening consist of torque application, torque-angle rotation and yield point. The purpose of research on the technology of tightening bolts on engines is to identify if the specified bolt pre-tightening requirement can be met when the bolts are tightened by different methods with the special equipment (such as automatic bolt tightening machine). The bolts on the connecting rod on DA462 engine are taken as example in the research, and the analysis on this type of bolt is made in the paper.
In this paper, the advantage of applying torque-angle rotation method with the automatic bolts tightening machine is clarified and the different quality and effects of tightening bolts on engine connecting rod depending upon the different tightening tools and methods used is described through the analysis of thread tightening principle and comparison of a number of collected test data. Meanwhile it is also described how to adjust the related technical requirements of bolt tightening and how to realize the control of threaded connection quality after the bolts are tightened on connecting rod with the Atlas automatic tightening machine and torque-angle rotation method so as to assure high quality of assembling bolts on connecting rod through further test comparison. In the paper, it is stated how to make identification for reverse disassembly and check for the tightening torque limit of bolts on connecting rod so as to reach the target of controlling thread
引文
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