摘要
本课题来源于陕西省自然科学基金项目《信息系统的形式化开发方法研究》。
随着信息化的发展,要求不断运用新技术和新思想解决软件危机和提高软件开发效率。构件技术和形式化方法是解决软件危机和提高软件开发效率问题的关键,也是近来软件界研究的热点。
本文通过把产品清单报表抽象处理为两个原子构件,把问题用形式化语言描述,再采用数理逻辑的方法来简化,当把用户的需求都用形式化方法描述后,就得到了信息系统需求的原子构件的类体系,既构件的方法和属性;接下来就是在此基础上进行方法聚类和功能聚类,从而得到系统需求的原子构件集。这就是本文提出的一种基于构件的形式化需求分析方法。
本文在总结和分析其他形式化开发方法的基础上,提出了一种基于B方法的软件形式化开发方法,该方法是:把非形式化的规格通过B方法转化为形式化规格,再用B方法中的精化进行进一步的精化,通过精化后再按照构件的思想用XML把B规格转化为构件,进行测试后可通过XSLT转化为构件的接口或伪代码,从而为软件的构件化开发打下基础。
本文结合构件技术和形式化方法对基于构件技术的形式化需求分析和基于构件技术与B方法相结合的软件开发方法进行理论研究与探讨,并取得了一定的成果。
The problem discussed in this paper comes from the ShannXi nature science foundation project—the research of formal method in developing information system.
With the development of informatization, the new technology and idea are used to solve software crisis and improve the efficiency of software development. The component and formal method is the key to realize them and hot spot in software circle.
The paper deals with product list report as two atomic components, describe question by formal method, then simply them by symbolic logic. The class system of atomic components in system requirement, called methods and attributions of components, is required after requirements are described by last formal method, then method clustering and function clustering are implemented based on them, therefore a set of atomic components is acquired. This is the method proposed in the paper which is based on requirement formalization.
The paper summarizes and analyzes formal methods, and then proposes a software formalization development method. It is achieved by next steps: firstly transform specification from informal to formalization by B method; secondly refine, thirdly transform B specification to component by XML, fourthly test, finally transform from component to interface or pseudo code. These provide foundation for software component.
The paper combines component and formal method to research in theory requirement formalization based on component and software development methods based on component and B method. They have acquired fruit to some extent.
引文
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