摘要
背景
艾滋病在全球范围内广泛流行,严重威胁人类健康。目前,全球艾滋病疫情基本得到控制。我国艾滋病疫情持续上升,但上升幅度有所减缓,疫情正由高危人群向一般人群扩散。梅毒与艾滋病关系密切,在艾滋病防控工作中要注意加强梅毒疫情的控制。
既往有关长春地区性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病知识、相关行为学因素的系统研究较少。针对长春市性病门诊男性就诊人群进行性病艾滋病流行情况、相关知识、行为进行调查具有重要意义。
目的
了解长春市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病、梅毒感染现状,探讨相关影响因素,为改变性病门诊男性就诊者高危行为,遏止艾滋病、性病疫情提供科学依据。
方法
采用现况调查方法,于2010年4-6月抽取长春市性病门诊男性就诊者800名进行问卷调查并采集静脉血5-10ml。调查内容包括一般人口学信息、血清学信息、行为学信息、性病感染情况、艾滋病防治有关信息。使用艾滋病哨点监测网络录入数据。采用SPSS13.0对数据进行统计分析,计量资料采用均数、标准差、中位数等指标,计数资料采用率、构成比等指标。采用χ2检验比较分类变量组间分布差异,Logistic回归模型对艾滋病、梅毒感染,艾滋病知识知晓情况、高危行为、性病患病情况、HIV检测的影响因素进行多因素分析。
结果
1.本次调查长春市性病门诊男性就诊者平均34.42+10.87岁。婚姻状况以在婚为主,占54.1%。本省户籍占94.0%,汉族就诊者占96.1%。不同来源性病门诊男性就诊者在年龄分布、婚姻状况、户籍所在地以及民族分布等方面的差异均有统计学意义。
2.性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病知识总体知晓率为91.0%。3种传播途径知晓率达100%,部分就诊男性对艾滋病非传播途径的了解有一定欠缺。
3.性病门诊男性就诊者最近3个月商业性行为及临时性行为发生率分别为344%、36.2%。注射吸毒及同性性行为发生率分别为0.8%、5.2%。独居者高危行为发生率高,最近1年接受过艾滋病同伴教育者高危行为发生率较低。
4.21.8%的性病门诊男性就诊者最近1年曾被诊断患过性病,其中梅毒所占比例最大,独居、同性性行为是既往性病感染的危险因素。性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病预防干预服务覆盖率为91.3%。5.61.6%的调查对象最近1年进行过HIV抗体检测。来自专科性病门诊、非本地户籍、过去1年被诊断过性病、接受过艾滋病干预的就诊者过去1年进行HIV检测的概率高。
6.性病门诊男性就诊者HIV感染率为0.4%,梅毒感染率为2.1%。年龄<20岁的性病门诊男性就诊者感染HIV的可能性高于年龄>20岁的就诊者。
结论
1.本次调查的800例性病门诊男性就诊者主要集中在性活跃人群,在婚所占比例大,流动人口较少。
2.长春市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病知识总体知晓率较高,3种传播途径全部知晓,对非传播途径的了解有一定欠缺。
3.本次调查性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病、梅毒感染率分别为0.4%和2.1%,整体呈低流行态势,青少年HIV感染率高。
4.本次调查性病门诊男性就诊者高危行为发生率为51.5%,独居者高危行为发生率高,最近1年接受过艾滋病同伴教育者高危行为发生率低；21.8%的调查对象最近1年被诊断过性病,独居、发生同性性行为者既往性病感染率高；61.6%的调查对象最近1年进行过HIV检测,来自专科性病门诊、非本地户籍、过去1年被诊断过性病、接受过艾滋病干预的就诊者过去1年进行HIV检测的概率高。
Background
AIDS is a severe infection across the world and a serious threat to human health. At present, the global AIDS epidemic is controlled basicly. Chinese AIDS epidemic is rising, but rising is in slowdown, and epidemic is moving from high-risk groups to the general population-proliferation. The relationship between Syphilis and AIDS are very close, so we should pay attention to strengthen the control of Syphilis outbreak in AIDS prevention and control work.
System researches about AIDS knowledge, behavioral factors among MSTDs in Changchun were less in the past. Therefore, it is significant to do research on the epidemic situation of AIDS/STDs as well as AIDS knowledge and behaviors.
Objective
Investigating the infectious status and risk factors of AIDS and Syphilis for MSTDs in Changchun, analyzes related factors in order to provide scientific basis for changing high-risk behaviors among MSTDs and halting AIDS/STDs disease outbreak.
Methods
April to June in 2010, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 800 MSTDs in Changchun, using questionnaire survey method, and gathering venous blood 5-10ml. The questionnaire included demographic information, serological information, behavioral information, STDs infections, AIDS prevention relevant information. Survey results were input into AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Network and the data were analyzed via SPSS 13.0 statistical software. Measurement data were expressed as mean, standard deviation, median index, and numeration data were expressed as rate and proportion. Chisquare test was applied for the comparison between groups classification variables. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors of AIDS and Syphilis infection. AIDS knowledge awareness, high-risk behaviors, STDs diagnosis and HIV testing.
Results
1. In this survey, the average age of MSTDs in Changchun was 27.4±6.9. Married crowd accounted for 54.1%. Registered population of Jilin province and the Han Chinese patients was 94.0% and 96.1% respectively. Age, marital status, household register and nationality distribution had significant difference between the two sources of MSTDs.
2. The general awareness rate of AIDS knowledge of MSTDs was 91.0%. The awareness rate of three transmission ways about AIDS was 100%. and part of MSTDs had a certain lack of understanding about some non-transmission of HIV.
3. The incidence of commercial sex and temporary sex among MSTDs in recently three months was 34.4% and 36.2% respectively. The incidence rate of injecting drug use and homosexual sex was 0.8% and 5.2% respectively. Living alone was the risk for high-risk behavior occurrence, and whether to accept AIDS peer education in recent one year was the protective factors for high-risk behavior occurrence.
4.21.8% of the MSTDs had been diagnosed STDs in recent one year, and Syphilis had the largest proportion. Living alone and homosexual sex were the risk factors for STDs infection before. Coverage of HIV prevention interventions for MSTDs was 91.3%.
5.61.6% of the MSTDs had been conducted an HIV antibody test in recent one year. Sample sources, household register, diagnosis of STDs last year and AIDS intervention were the influence factors of HIV testing.
6. The infection rate of HIV and Syphilis of MSTDs was 0.4% and 2.1% respectively. The HIV infection possibility of MSTDs who aged≤20 years old more than the ones who aged> 20 years old.
Conclusion
1. In this survey, the 800 MSTDs are mainly concentrated in sexual activity crowd, the proportion in marriage is large, floating population is less.
2. The general awareness rate of AIDS knowledge of MSTDs in Changchun is high. three ways of transmission are all known, there is a certain lack of understanding of non-transmission of HIV.
3. This investigation shows that the infection rate of AIDS and Syphilis of MSTDs is 0.4% and 2.1% respectively, and the trend is in a low prevalence overall. The rate of HIV infection in young people is high.
4. The survey shows that the incidence rate of high-risk behaviors of MSTDs is 51.5%. living alone was the risk for high-risk behavior occurrence, and whether to accept AIDS peer education in recent one year was the protective factors for high-risk behavior occurrence.21.8% of MSTDs has been diagnosed STDs in recent one year. living alone and homosexual sex are the risk factors of STDs infection before.61.6% of MSTDs have been conducted an HIV antibody test in recent one year. The STD specialist out-patient, non-local census register, diagnosed of STDs and received AIDS interventions last year were the risk factors of HIV testing.
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