摘要
企业可持续发展研究具有重要的理论意义,是社会经济可持续发展理论的创新。可持续发展是人类经过实践探索和理性反思后在认识上的一次重大突破,也是人类思维方式和观念更新的一种表征。基于可持续发展的企业发展模式是在社会经济可持续发展理论基础之上的新课题,这种模式是指企业自身经济效益所处的社会经济环境和自然生态环境的和谐统一。
火力发电企业可持续发展研究具有重要的实践意义。火力发电厂是资源消耗型企业,生产过程中消耗大量的化石能源和其它资源,同时向周围环境排放大量有害物质,对自然环境造成相当程度的破坏。通过对火力发电企业可持续发展能力进行分析和综合评价,有利于提高能源利用水平和促进环境生态的保护。
分析并确定了火力发电企业可持续发展的影响因素。影响因素有三个方面,企业外部环境,企业内在竞争能力和企业外部效益。企业外部环境包括政治经济环境和市场环境;企业自身的竞争能力包括企业的绩效水平、技术水平、资本实力、人力资源水平和综合管理水平;企业的外部效益包括企业的环境效益和社会经济效益。
构建了基于企业-社会-环境协调发展的火力发电企业可持续发展评价指标体系。目标层是火电企业可持续发展能力,一级指标有企业系统外部环境(约束条件),企业综合竞争力(自身素质)和企业外部效益(影响输出)三方面组成,二级指标和三级指标是对一级指标的分解,四级指标是具体测量指标。
提出了基于模拟退火神经网络的火电企业可持续发展评价模型。人工神经网络和模拟退火(SA)算法是较为先进的智能评价方法,在BP神经网络中引入SA算法,既利用了BP算法使得神经网络连接权的调整具有大致方向的能力,又利用了SA算法能以一定的概率接受调整,从而跳出局部极小趋向全局极小的特性,提高了学习的速度和逼近系统的精度。
对评价指标体系和评价模型进行了实证应用。与传统评价方法相比,SA-BP神经网络评价除具有准确、简便的优点外,对各影响因素不需要进行复杂的相关分析,重复的因素或者没有影响的因素的加入也不至于影响最后的评价结果,能够准确的反映火力发电企业可持续发展的能力。
Enterprise's sustainable development is a theoretical innovation of sustainable development in soc-economy and has important significance in theory and practice. Sustainable development is a new development concept which gradually grows up in the seventies of the 20th century,it is a major breakthrough in cognition and this is formed under the practice of human exploration and rational understanding of reflection,but also it is an attribute of the human's thinking way and concept of update.Enterprises development model based on sustainable development is a new topic which depends on the socio-economic sustainable development theory.The meaning of this pattern is not only that the economic benefits of enterprise should increase in continuous,but also it should emphasizes Social responsibility and the harmony between the enterprise and the local social economic circumstances,natural environment.
The study of thermal power plant's sustainable development has important significance in practice.Thermal power plant is the consumption of resources-oriented enterprise;it must consume a lot of fossil energy and other resources in production process.Meanwhile,it also discharges harmful substance and destroy the natural environment to some extent.It will improve the level of energy use and promote the protection of the environment through the analysis and comprehensive evaluation of sustainable development energy for thermal power plant.
Analysis and conclusion have been made to the factors which influence the sustainable development of thermal power plant.The factors can be divided into three aspects:the external environment,the company's inherent competitiveness and the enterprise's external efficiency.The external environment contains political and economic environment,market environment;the company's inherent competitiveness includes company's performance level,technique level,capital strength,human resources management level and integrated management level;the enterprise's external efficiency contains the environmental benefits,political and economic benefits of the enterprise.
The sustainable development index system based on harmonious development of enterprise is established,which can be divided into four layers.Subject layer is sustainable development energy for steam-power plant,this is the first layers which have three indexes:the external environment for enterprise systems(constraint condition),the enterprise's comprehensive competitive power(the own quality),the enterprise's external efficiency(impact output),the second and the third index system are the disintegration of the fist index system,the forth index system is the specific measurement indexes.
We proposed a new evaluation method:a sustainable development evaluation model for thermal power plant based on SA-BP neural network.Artificial neural network is an advanced intelligent evaluation method,but it is too easy trap in local optimum when calculate.This new model(SA-BP) can overcome the disadvantage when evaluate with ANN method.It builds a sustainable development evaluation model for thermal power plant based on SA-BP neural network.With this new method,it can jump out of local minima to overall small in evaluation process,and it also can increase learning speed and precision approach system.
Application analysis is made for 10 thermal power plants in the paper.Compared with traditional evaluation methods;there are some advantages of SA-BP neural network evaluation model such as more accurate and more convenient.Moreover,it doesn't have to analyze the relation among the influential factors,and it will not influence the evaluation result when other not important factors are input the database.This new model can evaluate the sustainable development capability for thermal power plant in accuracy.
引文
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