摘要
主要研究过渡金属离子对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白及返黄的影响,内容包括四个方面:一是测定粉丹竹表皮、竹节及木质部中的各种金属离子含量,并进行比较;二是优化粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白的工艺条件,漂白条件变化包括:H_2O_2用量、NaOH用量、NaSiO_3用量、MgSO_4用量、EDTA用量、漂白温度及反应时间;三是研究过渡金属离子Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Fe~(2+)对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白及返黄的影响;四是Cu~(2+)催化分解过氧化氢动力学的研究。
经原子吸收光谱的测定结果表明:对粉丹竹的同一个部位,留60目的要比40～60目的金属离子含量要高;不同部位之间比较得出:粉丹竹竹节中所含的Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、Na要比表皮和木质部中所含的要多。从X-射线能谱图中分析得出:粉丹竹表皮中的Si含量比木质部中高出很多;薄壁细胞比纤维细胞中金属离子的含量要高。
通过对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白工艺条件的优化,最后得到的最佳工艺条件是:H_2O_2 8%,浆浓10%,EDTA 0.5%,NaSiO_3 5%,NaOH 4%,MgSO_4 0.05%,70℃,2h,漂后浆的白度为61.8%ISO。
通过研究Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Fe~(2+)对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白及返黄的影响发现:在不加浆的情况下,Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Fe~(2+)三种过渡金属离子催化分解过氧化氢最快的是Cu~(2+),最慢的是Fe~(2+);在加浆的情况下,Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Fe~(2+)三种过渡金属离子对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白的影响能力依次是:Mn~(2+)＞Cu~(2+)＞Fe~(2+),所以在漂白中应尽量除去这三种金属离子。最后通过两种金属离子混合加入浆中的实验表明:这三种金属离子的共存对粉丹竹SCMP过氧化氢漂白的影响能力不会相互影响。
Cu~(2+)催化分解过氧化氢的动力学研究发现,温度对过氧化氢分解起着很重要的作用,最后计算得出Cu~(2+)催化分解过氧化氢的活化能为101.21kJ/mol,说明在碱性条件下Cu~(2+)对过氧化氢的分解有催化活性。
The effect of metal ions on H_2O_2 bleaching and colour reversion of bamboo high yield pulp was studied.The contents included four aspects.Fir -stly,the content of metal ions in epidermis,node,and xylem of Bambus -a Chungii was determinated and was comparied with each other.Secondly, the technics condition of H_2O_2 bleaching was optimized,and the condition included charge of H_2O_2,charge of NaOH,charge of Na_2SiO_3,charge of Mg -SO_4,charge of EDTA,time and temperature.Thirdly,The effect of metal io -ns on H_2O_2 bleaching and colour reversion of bamboo high yield pulp w -as studied.The last one,the dynamics of decomposition of H_2O_2 catalyesed by Cu~(2+).
The results of atomic absorption spectrometry showed that the content of metal ions above 60 meshes was more than that during 40～60 meshes for the same part of Bambusa Chungii.The content of Fe,Mn,Na and Ca of node was more than that of epidermis and xylm.The result of SEM-EDAX showed that the content of Si in epidermis was more than that of xylem.The content of metal ions ofparenchymatous cell was higher than that of xylem.
The optimum conditions of H_2O_2 bleaching of Bambusa Chungii SCMP were H_2O_2 8%,pulp consistency 10%,EDTA 0.5%,NaSiO_3 5%,NaOH 4%,MGSO_4 0.05%,70℃,2h.The brightness of bleached pulp was 61.8%ISO.
Through studying the effect of Mn~(2+),Cu~(2+)and Fe~(2+)on bleaching and colour reversion of Bambusa Chungii SCMP,it could be found,Cu~(2+)led to H_2O_2 decomposing speediest,and H_2O_2 was decomposed slowest by Fe~(2+).However, during the H_2O_2 bleaching,Mn~(2+)had higher catalyzing ability for decomposing H_2O_2 than the other two metal ions(Cu~(2+)and Fe~(2+)),so this three kinds of metal ions should be eliminated during the bleaching process.Finally,the results of two kinds of metal ions blending into pulp showed that Mn~(2+),Cu~(2+)and Fe~(2+) co-existence in pulp have no collaboration on H_2O_2 bleaching of Bambusa Chungii SCMP.
The results of study on dynamics of decomposion of H_2O_2 by Cu~(2+)showed that temperature was very important to the decomposing on H_2O_2.The activation erergy of decomposion of H_2O_2 by Cu~(2+)was 101.21kJ/mol.It suggested that Cu~(2+)has a catalysis for decomposition of H_2O_2.
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