摘要
嵌入式图形用户界面是嵌入式设备与使用者之间的对话接口。随着军事、医学、嵌入式3D游戏日益广泛的应用,人们对高性能、稳定可靠的嵌入式人机图形交互界面的要求越来越迫切。在这个背景下,对嵌入式系统的关键技术——嵌入式GUI的研究就有着非常重要的意义。
大多数传统嵌入式GUI系统只提供2D控件绘制,即提供给用户的显示平面从逻辑设计上讲是二维的。这种体系最大的缺点在于反映信息量小,在对真实场景进行模拟显示的时候,无法提供真实的场景数据。随着嵌入式系统硬件功能的不断提高,如何开发一款支持3D建模的嵌入式GUI已成为一个迫切的话题。要满足这种需求,就需要研究如何将图形学算法应用到嵌入式系统中;如何在嵌入式系统中实现桌面3D GUI的流水线。但要在速度慢,内存小,显示分辨率低的情况下,在嵌入式设备上实时显示三维图形,就不能完全照搬已有的图形学算法和引擎设计思路,需要对已有的真实感图形学算法开展工程化,实用化的研究。
本文在深入分析了多种流行嵌入式GUI特点和实现方式的基础上,总结了3D图形绘制的最基本元素,进而设计了一种采用层次化体系结构、可剪裁可配置、包括3D图形支持的嵌入式GUI——AUTO GUI。该GUI不但可以提供传统2D和一般3D的API,而且提供代码生成模块,可根据用户的要求,采用数据驱动方式自生成可执行代码,从而减轻用户编程的复杂性,使AUTO GUI更易于使用。
本论文的特色和创新之处包括:
1)分析了嵌入式GUI软件开发的共性,尤其对体系结构和图形代码自动生成进行了深入的研究。
2)提出了一种支持3D建模的嵌入式GUI模型,并分析该模型的层次结构。
3)设计了AUTO GUI的体系结构,并依此实现了一个实用的嵌入式GUI系统模型。
4)运用数据驱动方法,实现代码自动生成。
Embedded graphical user interface is the communication bridge between embedded equipments and users. With the increasing use of embedded equipments in military, medical and embedded 3D games, people pay more and more attention to high performance, dependable embedded dialogue graphical interface. In this situation, it is very important to put the research on embedded GUI—the key technique of embedded system.
Most traditional embedded GUI systems only provide 2D control to draw. That is, from the logical design, the manifestation plane that it provides to users is two dimensions. The biggest disadvantage of the system lies in the small amount reflection of information. When it is simulated display in real scene, it isn't able to provide the true datum. With the continuously improvement of hardware functions in embedded system, how to develop an embedded GUI which supports 3D modeling has become an urgent topic. To meet the need, we need to study how to apply graphical algorithms into embedded systems; how to achieve the pipeline of desktop 3D GUI in embedded systems. But in the situation of low speed, small memory and low resolving power, if users want to display 3D graphics in embedded equipments real-time, the existed graphical algorithms and engine design thoughts can't be fully copied. The real graphical algorithms need to be changed to make them engineering and practical.
This thesis analyzes the features and running ways of most embedded GUI in the market based on summarizing the basic elements of 3D graphical rendering. Then an embedded GUI—AUTO GUI was designed , which adopts the layer system structure, is able to delete and configure, and includes 3D graphics support. AUTO GUI not only can provide the traditional 2D and the general API, but also the code generation module. Besides, according to the request of users, it can generate usable codes automatically using the data driven method, in this way to reduce the complexity of programming and make AUTO GUI liable to be used.
The features and innovations of the thesis include:
Analyze the common features of embedded GUI software development, particularly do the overall research on system structure and graphical code generation
Put forward a kind of embedded GUI model that supports 3D modeling, and analyze the layer structure of the model.
Design an AUTO GUI system structure, and then produces a practical embedded GUI system model.
Use data driven method, to achieve code generation automatically.
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