摘要
检查井是城市管道工程的重要附属构筑物。随着我国经济社会的发展和城市化程度的提高,各类市政公用管道越来越多,城市道路中所设的各类检查井也随之增多,其中有相当数量的检查井位于城市主干路、次干路或支路的范围内。在交通荷载的反复作用下,检查井普遍存在沉降严重的问题,严重影响了行车安全和城市美观,给国家造成不必要的经济损失。施工人员从施工角度总结出检查井沉降的原因主要是检查井周围回填土质量达不到要求,造成道路通车后检查井及其周围路面很快出现比较大的沉降。
本文首先借鉴桩的纵向振动理论,建立了粘弹性地基中交通荷载作用下检查井的纵向振动方程,应用拉普拉斯(Laplace)和傅立叶(Fourier)逆变换等数学方法,得到了检查井沉降的半解析解和理论沉降曲线,分析了井侧土体参数和检查井埋深对检查井沉降的影响。
其次,利用通用有限元软件ANSYS,建立了交通荷载作用下检查井沉降的二维平面应变模型,分析了路面、回填土、检查井材料和哈腹板对检查井沉降的影响,并对井周回填土提出弹性模量指标要求,以使检查井计算最终沉降满足规范要求。
最后,通过做室内回填土材料试验,在满足本文所提出的指标前提下,考虑经济成本和施工的方便性,推荐了两种回填土材料,并给出了相应的施工方法,以便指导实际施工。
Manhole is an important accessory structure of municipal pipeline engineering. More and more municipal manholes appear in urban roads with the development of economic society and urbanization, many of which are located in urban main roads, secondary roads and branch roads. The common existence of severe settlement of urban road manholes under the traffic cyclic load seriously affects the driving safety and city appearance, and brings unnecessary loss to our country. Engineers, from the point of construction, have summarized that it is the poor quality of backfill which results in the quick and severe sinking of manholes just after road traffic opening.
Firstly, drawing on the longitudinal vibration theory of pile, the longitudinal vibration equation of the manhole under traffic load in viscoelastic soil was established, The semi-analytical solution of manhole settlement in time-domain and the theoretical curve of manhole settlement were obtained with Laplace transform and inverse Fourier transform, the effect of manhole side soil parameters and manhole depth on manhole settlement was analyzed.
Secondly, the two-dimensional plane strain model of manhole settlement under traffic load was established using the software of ANSYS, the effect of pavement, backfill, manhole material and reinforced concrete slab of manhole top on manhole settlement was analyzed. The indicator of backfill elastic modulus was proposed to make manhole settlement meet the requirement of specification.
Finally, in considering both the economic cost and convenience of construction, two kinds of backfill materials and corresponding construction methods are recommended to conduct construction based on the laboratory tests.
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