摘要
随着城市建设和工业的发展,水体的污染和水源的萎缩产生了供水和需水之间的矛盾。而城市污水再生利用是解决供水危机的重要途径,既可以提供新水源,解决城市缺水问题,又可以大大消减水环境的污染总量。
近年来,MBR技术作为膜技术和污水生物处理技术的有机结合产生的废水处理新技术,在污水回用中已得到了广泛的应用和发展。
本课题正是利用MBR技术,通过一体式A/O膜生物反应器处理市政污水,考察反应器对污染物处理效果,重点对工艺参数进行运行优化研究。
本试验共运行约100d,试验结果表明:系统对COD、氨氮去除效果良好,平均去除率分别达到91%和87%以上;对总氮和总磷去除效果很不稳定。污泥浓度在2000mg/L~3500mg/L的范围变化时,污泥浓度的增大有利于提高系统对污染物的去除效率,但是提高并不明显。水力停留时间在12h以上时,随着水力停留时间的延长,系统对COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷的去除效果并没有明显的提高。水力停留时间在23h时,可保证系统对污染物较好的去除效果。溶解氧浓度在2.0mg/L~4.5mg/L变化时,随着溶解氧浓度的增大,对COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷的去除率没有显著影响。溶解氧浓度在3.0mg/L左右可以较好的保证系统运行效果。回流/停回流时间设置为30min/90min时,更利于对缺氧、好氧环境的创造,从而提高对总氮和总磷的去除。温度在10℃~25℃的范围变化时,温度的提高对COD、氨氮的去除率略有提高,总氮去除率有所下降但幅度很小,总磷去除率也只有小幅度的波动。运行中膜出水蠕动泵抽吸/停抽吸的时间设置为12min/3min,整个运行阶段膜的工作状况较为稳定。在膜严重污染后,化学清洗对膜通量有很好的恢复效果。
本文通过对一体式A/O膜生物反应器的运行研究,为MBR工艺在工程实践应用中的运行参数优化提供了可行的思路并具有一定的指导意义。
With the development of industry and our city, water pollution and reduction of water sources cause conflict between water supply and water demand. Water recycling is an important measure to solve water supply crisis. So, we would find new water sources, resolve the water shortage problem in city and reduce the total pollutants of water environment.
Recently, MBR is widely applied and developed in wastewater reuse as a new wastewater treatment technology, which is the combination of biological treatment technology and membrane technology.
In this paper, A/O integrated membrane bioreactor was used to treat municipal wastewater. Experiment was carried out to investigate the treatment efficiency, mainly focused on the study of operation optimization.
The experiment was totally lasted for about 100 days. The results were as follows: the system made good removal of COD and NH3-N, the average removal efficiency exceeded 91% and 87% respectively. But the removal of TN and TP were unstable. When MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids) changed between 2000mg/L and 3500mg/L, the removal efficiency was improved a little with the MLSS increasing. When HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) was longer than 12h, the removal of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP were not obviously improved with HRT expanded. The system can ensure a good removal effect when HRT was 20h. When DO (Dissolved Oxygen) changed between 2.0mg/L and 4.5mg/L, the changes of DO made a very little differences on the removal of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP. DO stayed at about 3.0mg/L is good enough for the operation effect. When the time of reflux/ceasing reflux was set at 30min/90min, it was better for the creation of anoxic and anaerobic environment. So the removal rate of TN and TP was increased. When temperature was between 10℃and 25℃, the increase of temperature caused a little removal rate improvement of COD and NH3-N, but the TN removal rate was decreased to a small extent, while fluctuation of TP removal rate was presented. The pump/ceasing pump time of peristaltic pump was set at 12min/3min, the operation of membrane was stable during the whole period. The chemical washing had a good effect on membrane reuse after serious membrane fouling.
By the study on operation of A/OMBR, the experiment which has certain practical value offers another feasible way for operation optimization and engineering practice.
引文
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