摘要
射频识别(RFID)技术是最近发展迅速的一种新的自动识别技术。它利用射频方式在非接触式射频IC卡和读写器之间进行无线双向通信,完成目标识别和数据交换。而卡上电路的工作电源由读写器发出的电磁波能量提供,非接触式射频IC卡与传统的接触式IC卡相比,具有可靠性高、保密性强、方便快捷等特点。
本项目开发的非接触式IC卡读卡器是针对开放式门禁系统设计的,性能稳定、成本低。开发人员在软件上稍加修改还可以对本读写器进行二次开发,可应用于电子消费场合,如食堂售饭、公交、地铁电子售票等场合。
文章首先简要介绍了课题背景,国内外研究动态;然后对射频识别系统的基本理论知识进行了研究; RFID读写器的硬件电路设计,主要包括MCU控制模块设计、射频模块设计、串行通信电路等;RFID读写器的软件设计,内容包括ISO/IEC14443协议架构,以及Philips公司的Mifare卡的特点、工作原理、内部结构、内部EEPROM存储器的访问控制方式等,然后详细介绍射频基站芯片FM1715的指令系统和基本操作程序设计;RFID防碰撞算法的研究,分析了目前存在的防碰撞算法的特点以及存在的问题,重点介绍了跳跃二进制树算法,对算法进行了仿真,并进行了相应的性能分析;文章最后进行了总结,分析了项目存在的不足,并提出了下阶段需要解决的问题。
Radio Frequency Identification technology is the rapid development of a new automatic identification technology in recent years. Wireless and bidirectional communication between reader and contactless card is their communication mode and to identificate the goal and to swap data by radio frequency identifation. The power of IC card circuit is supplied by the power of electromagnetic wave from reader. Compared with contact IC card, contactless IC card has some characteristics such as reliability, security and convenience.
The contactless IC card reader developed by this issue with its stable performance and cheap price meets the demand of the actual project, especially for the design of open-access control system. In addition, developers can also develop the reader again. Only modified the software, it can be applied to consumer electronics, such as eatery service, transit, Metro e-ticketing, and so on.
The article briefly introduced the topic background,dynamic studies at home and abroadand,and the structure of papers; Introduces the basic theoretical knowledge of the radio frequency identification system,includes the ISO/IEC14443 protocol farmwork and the Philips' Mifare card characteristics, work principle, internal structure, operation of internal EEPROM memory, etc; The hardware design of the radio frequency card reader, includes includes MCU control module design, radio frequency module design, serial communication module design etc; The software design covers the basic instruction system of the radio frequency station chip FM1715, the operation program design of the radio frequency card etc; Researching on existing algorithms for tag anti-collision, analyzing their characters and problem. And this paper mainly introduces the binary tree-like anti-collision algorithm and analyzes the relative performance through simulation; At last, I summarize the whole paper, the lack of item is analyzed, and the future problem is proposed.
引文
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