摘要
计算机支持的协同工作是指在地域上处于分散状态的一个群体借助于计算机以及网络技术,共同协作来完成一项任务。协同工作技术在军事、工业、电子商务、远程医疗教育、合作科研等领域具有广泛的应用。虚拟空间会议系统是计算机支持的协同工作领域的一个重要分支,有终极会议形式之称。在虚拟空间会议系统中,所有与会者将其虚拟替身合成到虚拟会议空间中,实现与会者之间自然的交互与协作,具有很强的真实感和沉浸感。虚拟空间会议系统中的关键技术之一就是协作感知技术,协作感知是为了解决如何在计算机支持的虚拟协作环境中建立接近于现实世界中的感知环境和感知信息的传递方式,让虚拟世界更加真实,让协作过程更加自然和有效率。
本文是从虚拟空间的协作感知和控制技术的角度来研究虚拟空间会议系统。首先,介绍了两个典型的协作感知模型,分析它们的特点与不足之处,提出了面向虚拟空间会议系统的基于任务—角色的协作感知模型,描述了该模型的基本结构、组成元素、级别划分以及感知强度计算函数等内容;其次,在任务—角色感知模型的基础上提出一种与之相符合的基于任务—角色的协作控制模型,分析了协同工作环境的需求,描述了该模型的结构,设计了任务角色构造、分解以及调度算法等;随后,对虚拟空间会议系统的整体设计进行讨论,介绍了虚拟空间会议系统的运行框架和技术路线,根据技术路线进行模块化设计,包括虚拟会议空间的构造、场景生成与模块驱动和协作交互过程,再对虚拟空间会议系统中的协作感知的应用做讨论。
本论文的研究是以《新型数字化殡葬与祭祀系统》项目为背景,该项目的研究开发目的是解决我国“殡葬改革”中所遇到的一系列问题,为“第二次殡葬改革”提供一个重要方向。所以本文在最后将虚拟空间会议系统技术和新型数字化殡葬与祭祀系统相结合,介绍了新型数字化殡葬与祭祀系统的特点和结构,并以虚拟空间会议系统中的关键技术为基础设计出了该系统中的三维漫游模块,为其研究和发展提供一个重要的方向。
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) refers to, by means of computer and network technology, a geographically distributed group work together to accomplish a task. The technology of Cooperative work has been widely applied in various fields such as military, industry, electronic commerce, tele-medical education and collaborative scientific research. Virtual Space Teleconferencing (VST) system is an important branch of CSCW, which is often called the ultimate form of meeting. In VST system, all the participants and their stand-in will be synthesized into the virtual conference space and natural interaction and collaboration among all the participants will be achieved with strong sense of realism and immersion. Collaborative Awareness technology is one of the key technologies in VST. Collaborative sensing is to create real-world environment liked transformation mode for environment and information perception in computer supported virtual cooperative work environment so that the virtual world will be more real and the collaborative process will be more natural and efficient.
In this paper, VST system is studied based on collaborative sensing and control technology. First of all, two typical perceptual models are introduced and their characteristics and shortcomings are analyzed. A task-role based collaborative sensing model for VST system is proposed and the basic structure, composition elements, level division and perception strength calculation function of this model are described. Then, based on the task-role based perceptual model, a corresponding task-role based collaborative control model is introduced. The demand of cooperative work environment is analyzed. The basic structure of the model is described. Also the tasks, roles, decomposition and scheduling algorithms are designed. Finally, the overall design of VST is discussed. The operation framework and technology roadmap of VST are introduced. According to the technology roadmap, every single module is designed, including the constitution of VST, scene generation and the process of module-driven and collaborative interaction. Moreover, the application of collaborative sensing in VST is discussed.
The research in this paper is based on the project 'New Digital Funeral and Sacrifice System' which aims to solve the problems that encountered in China's Funeral Reform and provide an important direction for the second Funeral Reform. Therefore, in this paper, technology of VST and new digital funeral and sacrifice system are combined and the characteristics and structure of new digital funeral and sacrifice system are introduced. Based on the technology of VST, three-dimensional roaming module of the new digital funeral and sacrifice system is designed, which provides an important direction for its research and development.
引文
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