摘要
本文探讨添加不同剂量的绿原酸对中华鳖生长性能和非特异性免疫的影响。选择健康均重为(150.32±18.56)g的中华鳖80只,随机分为5组(A组-E组),每组4个重复,每个重复4只,分别投喂添加0、100、200、400和800 mg/kg绿原酸的饵料。试验期为60d。测定各组增重率、饵料系数、肝体指数；溶菌酶和补体C3、C4的含量；白细胞、红细胞吞噬率；并观察十二指肠绒毛形态。将40只中华鳖(173.27±16.76)g的,随机分为2组。分别用基础料和添加400 mg/kg绿原酸的饵料饲喂30d。给400 mg/kg绿原酸处理组中华鳖腹腔注射0.2mL/只(菌液浓度为6.2×1010／mL),对照组腹腔注射等量嗜水气单胞菌菌液。15d后计数各组存活鳖的数量,计算攻毒后存活率。
结果表明：(1)绿原酸对中华鳖幼鳖生长具有显著的促进作用,且有剂量效应关系。其中,C组的增重率比对照组提高了56.38%(P<0.01)；D组的饵料系数比对照组降低了46.5%(P<0.01)；B、C和D组的存活率比对照组提高了12.5%(P>0.01)；C、D和E组鳖的十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)绿原酸能显著增强中华鳖的非特异免疫功能。①各试验组与对照组之间的脾体指数虽无显著差异(P>0.05),但C和D组脾脏的椭球周围淋巴鞘和动脉周围淋巴鞘数量增多,面积增大,且椭球周围淋巴鞘较对照组排列得更加紧密和整齐。②D组的白细胞吞噬率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)；C和D组的血液红细胞吞噬率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。③各试验组与对照组之间血浆溶菌酶含量有极显著的差异(P<0.01)。④C组血浆补体C3水平高于对照组组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)；C和D组补体C4的含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。⑤攻毒后绿原酸添加组的存活率极显著高于有对照组(P<0.01)。
综上所述：①绿原酸能改善中华鳖肠道的发育,降低饵料系数,促进中华鳖幼鳖的生长；②绿原酸改善中华鳖脾脏的发育,增强血细胞吞噬功能,提高血浆溶菌酶、补体C3、补体C4的含量,增强中华鳖的非特异免疫功能；③中华鳖幼鳖饲料中绿原酸的适宜添加量为200～400mg/kg。
The research discusses the Possibiliy of chlorogenic acid as immunoenhance. This research confirmed the using method and doesage of chlorogenic acid primarily and provided certain theories foundation for the using in the chinese soft-shelled turtle.This research has two parts totally, the first part studied the influence of chlorogenic acid to the item growth and several non-specific immunity factors, to ascertain the dosage.The chinese soft-shelled turtle were fed dies containing o(control),100mg/kg,200mg/kg, 400mg/kg,800mg/kg, chlorogenic acid to ensurate the number of leucocytes, the content of lysozyme, content of complement C3,C4 in plasma; phagocytic percentages, phagocytic index of leukocyte and erythrocytes in blood.
The relative growth rate of 200 mg/kg dose group was significantly higher (P<0.01), while 0 mg/kg dose group was significantly lower (P<0.05), and C(200mg/kg)、D (400mg/kg)、E(800mg/kg)mg/kg dose group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).the length of duodenum:C (200 mg/kg、D (400mg/kg)、E(800mg/kg)were significantly higher than control group(P<0.01).The heavith of liver were no significantly efficient. Chlorogenic acid was activity efficient to non-special immunity of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle,for example:content of lysozyme (100mg/kg)、C (200mg/kg)、D (400mg/kg)、E (800mg/kg) were significantly higher than control group(P<0.01)p.Meanwhile content of complement C3 (200mg/kg) significantly higher than E group (800mg/kg) (P<0.05);and content of complement C4 (200mg/kg) and D4 (400 mg/kg) significantly higher than A group (P<0.01).
All in all, A chlorogenic acid promotes the growth gastrointestinal tract,Decreas food conversion ratio, increase the young Chinese soft-shelled turtle. B It can also improve non-specific immunity of young Chinese soft-shelled,for example,the kidney, Phagocytic percentages of leukocyte, lysozyme,the content of completement C3. C The best suitable content of chlorogenic acid is 200-400mg/kg.
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