摘要
我国中、新生代,特别是燕山运动阶段,岩浆活动强烈而频繁,岩浆活动对我国煤层具有广泛影响,煤层岩浆变质作用明显。岩浆侵入对瓦斯的生成、赋存及构造煤的分布均有影响,本文针对河北宣东二矿瓦斯、地质资料,研究岩浆活动与地质构造的关系,岩浆岩对矿井瓦斯赋存和构造煤分布的影响。
运用构造控制理论、瓦斯地质理论,分析地质构造对矿井瓦斯赋存的控制。岩浆侵入受地质构造控制,岩浆侵入改变本区温度梯度,使煤层不均匀受热,提高煤的变质程度,控制煤种分布,影响煤体对瓦斯的吸附特性。岩浆侵入在使煤变质程度升高的同时,生成大量瓦斯,距岩浆岩较近的煤层,其瓦斯成分中CO2比重较高。通过对宣东二矿工作面瓦斯涌出规律分析发现,工作面采空区瓦斯涌出是工作面瓦斯涌出的主要来源;对影响瓦斯涌出的地质因素分析发现,岩浆岩是影响瓦斯涌出的最主要因素,上覆岩浆岩越厚、距煤层越近,瓦斯涌出量越大。由于含煤地层以砂岩主,且含有众多分煤层,而上覆岩浆岩是瓦斯有利封闭层,这样的岩性组合使得煤层及邻近围岩成为良好的瓦斯储存空间,是导致采空区瓦斯涌出量大的主要因素。
构造煤分布受地质构造控制,岩浆侵入加剧了煤体的破坏。分析受岩浆侵入煤层的受力情况,岩浆岩层越厚,距离煤层越近,煤层应力越大,其破坏程度也更明显。岩浆侵入影响瓦斯赋存,强化了煤体破坏,使高能瓦斯和构造煤同时出现在煤层中可能性增强,使得岩浆岩附近很容易存在瓦斯突出煤体。
In China, magma activities were frequently intensified in the age of Mesozoic and Cenozoic, especially for Yanshan movement. Magma activity has great impact on coal seams and dramatically affects magma transformation. Magma intrusion has an overriding effect on gas formation, existence, and tectonic coal distribution. Based on gas and geologic conditions of No.2 coal mine in Xuandong, Hebei province, this paper is conducted to investigate relationships between magma activity and geo-tectonics, and, magma and gas and tectonic coal distribution.
Geological tectonic is analyzed concerning gas distribution by applying Tectonics Control Theory and Gas-geology theory. Magma intrusion is dominated by geological tectonic, which changes current zone temperature gradient, thus resulting in uneven heating, boosting coal transformation, deciding the distribution of coal, and influencing coal in terms of gas adsorption characteristics. The magma intrusion also accelerates coal transformation, thus forming a great deal of gas. The carbon dioxide percentage of gas close to magma rock is pretty high. By analyzing gas emission rule of No.2 coal mine of Xuandong, face gas emission from gob is identified as the paramount factor. Besides, magma is found to be the key factor for gas emission according to geological results. It is also shown that the thicker the overlying magma rock and the closer to coal seam, the greater amount of the gas emission. The coal seam is mainly composed of sandstone and coal seams, while the overlying magma rock is advantageous to strata closing, therefore, such combination strata close to surrounding rock provides excellent room for gas storage, which is evidently the chief factor for gas emission in the gob area. Distribution of tectonic coal seal is controlled by geological tectonic and magma intrusion boosts the wreck on coal. Analysis the mechanics process when the coal is magma-intruded. The thicker the magma rock and closer to coal seam, the higher coal stress, thereby coal being more evidently destroyed.
Magma intrusion affects gas existence, boosts wreck on the coal, and possibly forms high-energy gas and tectonic coal together in the coal seam, thus resulting in coal-gas outburst adjacent to the magma rock.
引文
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