摘要
我国现阶段在能源领域号召开展节能减排,利用清洁可再生的生物质能满足农村对能源的需求。本研究是在黑龙江省“秸秆固化成型燃料设备科研攻关项目—户用多功能生物质固化成型燃料燃烧炉具的研发”的支持下而开展的研究。
本文通过分析不同种类生物质成型燃料的燃烧技术现状,研究不同种类的生物质的着火性能、燃烧机理等燃烧规律,设计加工制造生物质成型燃料燃烧炉具。对该实验炉具进行全面的性能实验研究,通过对炉具进行不同生物质成型燃料的燃烧实验,对炉具进行热平衡分析得出炉具性能良好,热效率最高达70%左右;影响其燃烧性能的因素包括生物质成型燃料种类、炉具的通风量、排烟温度以及燃烧方式等。采用烟气分析仪对生物质成型燃料燃烧后的污染物排放特性进行比较分析,并测得排放烟气中NOx、CO、O2、CxHy等排放情况。采用大气采样器和0.1mol/L NaOH吸收液来采集烟气中的HCl,用电位滴定法来滴定吸收液中的Cl-含量,从而求得烟气中
HCl浓度。实验结果表明,生物质型煤和含添加剂生物质成型燃料的燃烧特性优于纯秸秆成型燃料,燃料燃烧性能越好、供风量越充足、排烟状况越好,炉具的热效率越高。从排放烟气中测得NOx的浓度较低,HCl浓度也很低。从烟气中HCl的排放浓度看,纯秸秆成型燃料燃烧后的烟气中HCl排放量明显高于加添加剂的成型燃料,说明加添加剂的成型燃料有很好的固氯功能。
At present, clean and renewable biomass energy are encouraged to be used in rural areas in China in order to achieve energy saving and pollution reducing purpose. The investigation in this paper is supported by Heilongjiang Province called“Research and development of multi-function household curing biomass fuel burning stoves from scientific research project on curing equipment of straw fuel”.
By analyzing various biomass briquette combustion technologies, investigating ignition characteristics and combustion mechanism of different biomass materials, biomass briquette burning stove is designed in this paper. Diverse biomass briquette burning experiments are taken in the stove, and a conclusion that the stove has decent performance and maximum 70% efficiency is drawn by thermal equilibrium analysis. Parameters effecting performance of the stove include species of biomass briquette, ventilation volume of the stove, smoke exhausting temperature and combustion methods. Gas analyzer is used to compare and analyze pollutants emission characteristics of burned biomass briquette, and emission of NOx, CO, O2 and CxHy is also measured. Air sampler and 0.1mol/L NaOH absorption solution are used to collect HCI in flue gas. Potentiometric titration method is employed to titrate Cl- in absorption solution and then get HCl concentration in flue gas.
Experimental results show that, combustion characteristics of biomass coal and biomass briquette with additives are better than that of straw briquette. And the stove has more high efficiency with better fuel, more sufficient air supply volume and better smoke exhausting condition. Density of NOx and HCl is low in flue gas, and density of HCl in straw briquette burned flue gas is significantly higher than that in biomass briquette with additives burned flue gas, which shows biomass briquette with additives has good chlorine-solidification cability.
引文
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