摘要
混合动力汽车是一种燃料型汽车向电动汽车过渡的过渡型产品,它作为解决汽车节能、降低排放的汽车工业新技术,具有低污染和低油耗的特点,尤其在油价日益攀高的今天,迅速成为国内外汽车发展的新热点。这种“准绿色”的新型产品一混合动力型汽车在本世纪90年代登上了历史舞台,它的开发得到了美、日及西欧等许多发达国家的高度重视,并取得了重大的成果和进展。
本课题背景是基于重庆红宇精密仪器有限责任公司与长安汽车公司联合提出的混合动力汽车永磁同步电机矢量控制驱动器开发项目而开展的。首先介绍了混合动力汽车电机驱动技术的发展动态以及新技术。在建立了永磁同步电机矢量控制数学模型的基础上深入研究了混合动力汽车永磁同步电机矢量控制的基本原理,并设计了仿真模型,完成了基于能量优化控制的混合动力汽车永磁同步电机矢量控制的研制。
本文重点研究了基于规则的混合动力电动汽车能量优化控制方法,把驾驶员的转矩(Te)需求和当前动力电池剩余电量(SOC)作为模糊控制的输入变量,双向直流斩波(DC-DC)变换器输入/输出的能量效率作为模糊控制输出变量,总结和提炼出相应的宏观规律,作为建立控制规则的基础,基于对优化结果的归纳总结建立模糊控制规则,仿真实验表明该方法在混合动力汽车优化控制方面有一定创新性。
在理论推导与仿真研究的基础上,搭建了三相永磁同步电机控制系统实验平台,实现了144V/6.3kw永磁同步电机驱动系统的闭环控制,完成了在其基速以下区域的电机闭环负载控制运行及基速以上的空载弱磁运行实验,给出相电流波形、弱磁控制波形,从而验证了本文控制思想与控制策略的正确性,达到了预期的控制目标。最后在研究成果的基础上,提出了下一步工作的建议和有待研究的问题与方向。
Hybrid electric vehicle is a transitional product from fuel-type vehicles to electric cars. It become a new hot spot for the development of domestic and foreign cars by solving vehicle energy saving, lower emissions, and has character of low pollution and low fuel consumption, especially in the increasingly rising oil prices today. This "quasi-green" the new products-hybrid vehicles mounted the stage of history in the 90s of this century, its development has been attached great importance in many developed countries, such as the United States, Japan and Western Europe, and achieved significant results and progress.
Background of this project is based on the development projects of PMSM vector control drive in hybrid electric vehicle which is proposed by ChongQing-HongYu Precision Instruments Co., Ltd. and Chang'an Motors. At first we introduce the developments and new techniques of motor drive in hybrid electric vehicle. Then we build mathematical model of PMSM vector control, study the basic principles of HEV-PMSM vector control, design the simulation model, and finish the manufacture of HEV-PMSM vector control based on energy optimal control.
The emphasis of the article is to study the energy optimal control based on rules approach of hybrid electric vehicle, we take torque (Te) demand of driver the current remaining battery power (SOC) as the input variables of fuzzy control, energy efficiency rate of input and output in DC-DC converter as the output variables of fuzzy control, summarize and refined the corresponding macro-rules. The simulation experiment indicated the method has some innovative in the optimal control of hybrid electric vehicle.
Based on the theoretic derivation and simulation study, we build an experiment plat of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor control system, achieve closed loop control of 144v/6.3kw permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system, and complete the experiment in closed loop load control region below the rated speed and no-load field-weakening control higher than the rated speed. Waveform of phase current and Waveform of field-weakening control are given and we testify the accuracy of control idea and control tragedy in this article which achieved the predetermined goal. At last based on the research, we propose the suggestion of next step work and the problem needs to be improved.
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