摘要
[目的]胺类化学吸收法是目前燃烧后捕集烟气CO_2最成熟的技术,但存在捕集能耗过高的问题,开发新型吸收剂替代传统MEA吸收剂是降低能耗的重要途径。[方法]根据近些年公开文献报道的胺类吸收剂组成,将其分成单一吸收剂、混合胺吸收剂、两相吸收剂和非水吸收剂四类,并对这四类吸收剂的技术特点、研究现状和存在问题进行了介绍。[结果]混合胺结合了不同单一胺类的优点,能较好满足高吸收速率,高吸收容量和低能耗的要求;而相变吸收剂和无水吸收剂为新一代吸收剂,潜力巨大,但仍需深入研究改进。[结论]相比而言,混合胺型吸收剂更为成熟,短期内进行工业化应用更具优势。
[Introduction]Chemical absorption based on amines is the most mature technology for post-combustion CO_2 capture. However, this technology has the drawback of high energy cost, and developing new amine absorbent as an alternative of monoethanolamine(MEA) solution will be an important method to deal with this problem. [Method]In this review, the amine absorbent was classified into four categories according to the compositions, namely single amine absorbent, blended amine absorbent, phase-change amine absorbent and water-lean amine absorbent. The technological characteristics and research situation of these absorbents were introduced. [Result]The blended amines combine the advantages of different single amine, showing good CO_2 capture performance with high reaction rate, high absorption capacity and low energy cost. Phase-change amine absorbent and water-lean amine absorbent are the new generation of absorbents, which have great potential, but still need to be further studied and improved. [Conclusion]Therefore, blended amine is a more mature solvent which has better advantages in industrial application in the near term.
引文
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